38 results
Causes of Chronic Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pericardial
 • Effusion
 • Cardiac Tamponade*
 • Constriction
Myocardial
 •
• Asthma • COPD ... Pneumonia • ARDS • COPD ... Interstitium • ILD • CHF ... Pulmonary - Other • Anemia ... #Causes
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Reflex Testing - ... , Acute spinal cord ... finding in spinal cord ... Hyperreflexia #Testing ... #diagnosis #table
Acute and Chronic Causes of Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis
Pulmonary/Chest Wall:
 • Acute: Trauma, COPD exacerbation, Asthma
Acute: Trauma, COPD ... Chronic: Asthma, COPD ... decompensated CHF ... Tamponade • Chronic: Anemia ... : Tumor, Vocal cord
High Output Heart Failure - Pathophysiology and Differential Diagnosis
Obesity - Systemic Vasodilation, Vasoactive Adipokines
Arteriovenous Fistula -
Disease - Especially COPD ... Metabolism Severe Anemia ... #HeartFailure #CHF ... #Pathophysiology ... Diagnosis #cardiology #causes
Factors that May Affect Fetal Oxygenation - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Excessive Uterine Activity:
 • Hyperstimulation
 • Placental
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Post-dates pregnancy Cord ... Oligohydramnios • Cord ... prolapse • Cord ... #Causes #Obstetrics
Causes of Chronic Cough - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Abnormal Chest X-Ray:
 • Chronic Infection (Eg. Fungal, Tuberculosis)
Causes of Chronic ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Neoplasm • CHF ... • Asthma • COPD ... Cough • Vocal Cord
Causes of Extravascular and Intravascular Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extravascular - Spleen and RES-mediated hemolysis
 -
Causes of Extravascular ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Warm AIHA • Cold ... Complement-Mediated • Cold ... immune-complex hemolytic anemia
Cold Urticaria
Prevalence - 0.05% in the population
Disease onset - Mostly 2nd to 4th decades of life
Causes
Cold Urticaria Prevalence ... skin contact with cold ... minutes after the cold ... 10.1111/all.14674 #Cold ... #table
Tachypnea - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Definitions
 • Tachypnea: Respiratory rate > 20/min, shallow breathing in adults
 •
• Asthma • COPD ... Pneumonia • CHF ... Paradoxical vocal fold ... Tachypnea: • Anemia ... Metabolic Causes
Cardiac Stress Testing
Exercise:
 • Everyone who can exercise should!
 • They must be able to raise
Cardiac Stress Testing ... • They must be able ... production to cause ... pts with severe COPD ... CT/MRI ($$$$) CORE