37 results
Imaging Modalities for Renal Calculus

AXR. KUB
 - Good far calcium-containing stones useful when limited radiation dose
Modalities for Renal Calculus ... to identify non-calculus ... causes of flank ... causes of obstruction ... #calculus #Radiology
3D CT of Jackstone Calculus in the urinary bladder sitting on a large prostate.  Looks
CT of Jackstone Calculus ... in the urinary bladder ... Other bladder stones ... #jackstone #calculus ... #bladders #stone
UROLITHIASIS 

80% of stones are composed of calcium oxalate or phosphate. Others include uric acid (9%),
& cystine (1%) stones ... Struvite stones, ... staghorn or large calculus ... These mutations cause ... flankpain #PCN #calculus
Causes of Urinary Tract Obstruction - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Upper Tract - Bladder NOT distended on ultrasound,
Causes of Urinary ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... carcinoma - Stone ... stone • ... #Causes #Urology
Ureteral Calculus on Bladder POCUS
Echogenic calculus seen in the lower ureter. Twinkle artifact +. Ureteric jet
Ureteral Calculus ... on Bladder POCUS ... Echogenic calculus ... #Bladder #POCUS ... #Ultrasound #stone
Causes of Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Red blood cells on urine microscopy. Must exclude false positives
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Upper Tract (above bladder ... Tubulolnterstitial • Calculi ... - Lower Tract (bladder ... • BPH • Calculi
Mixed Urinary Incontinence: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Urgency Urinary Incontinence (UUI) -> Urinary leakage preceded by a
; BOO (tumour, stone ... BPH, urethral or bladder ... causing Decreased tone ... - Failure to Store ... SUI or UUI not caused
Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis of Macroscopic Hematuria
Important Historical Elements:
- Painless: suggests malignancy
- Painful: suggests calculi/infection
- Urinalysis:
Algorithm and Differential ... Painful: suggests calculi ... RBC’s, RBC/WBC casts ... tract), terminal (bladder ... #Differential #Algorithm
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Hematuria: • Stone ... gross hematuria Bladder ... • Cystitis • Bladder ... stones/polyps ... Renal/Ureter/Bladder
Causes of Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis
Renal:
 - Glomerular - IgA Nephropathy, Thin basement membrane, Alport syndrome,
Causes of Hematuria ... or other tumor, Calculi ... - Malignancy, Calculi ... , Stricture Bladder ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes