24 results
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Dysthesias - Tingling, burning, or painful sensation at
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ... digits Mild -> Carpal ... #CarpalTunnel #Syndrome ... #pathophysiology ... #msk #overuse
Algorithm for Differentiating Gitelman syndrome from Bartter syndrome
 • Urine Chloride
 • Urine Ca/Cr ratio

Dr. Krithika
Algorithm for Differentiating ... Gitelman syndrome ... • Urine Chloride ... #Bartter #Algorithm ... #nephrology #hypokalemia
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Algorithm Cl- ... diuretic use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... of sodium and potassium ... #urine #Algorithm
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... , Gitelman syndrom ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... - Refeeding Syndrome ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #potassium ... #low #pathophysiology
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology
Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
Gitelman Syndrome ... Pathophysiology ... thiazide-sensitive sodium-chloride ... #Pathophysiology ... #nephrology #diagnosis
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
contracted: urine chloride ... nasogastric suction • Chloride-rich ... expanded: urine chloride ... other • Severe potassium ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Refeeding syndrome ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology #low ... #potassium
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm ... treated with IV potassium ... Hypokalemia #diagnosis #Algorithm ... #differential #potassium ... #nephrology #low
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... acid, Liddle's Syndrome ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology #causes ... #low #potassium