121 results
Atrioventricular Septal Defect
aka AV canal defect aka endocardial cushion defect
 • Epidemiology and Associations
 • Embryology
Defect aka AV canal ... Physical Exam • Pathophysiology ... Post-Operative ICU Management ... Outcomes by Cara ... cushion #diagnosis #management
Rheumatoid Arthritis Summary
MCP and PIP Involvement, Spares DIP, Carpal Tunnel, Sicca Syndrome, Epi/Scleritis, Heart Disease, Rheumatoid
Involvement, Spares DIP, Carpal ... Scleritis, Heart Disease ... Nodules, Pulmonary Disease ... #rheumatology #signs
Growth Hormone Excess - Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Acromegaly and gigantism share the same pathophysiology
share the same pathophysiology ... overgrowth: • Carpal ... Cardiovascular disease ... Overproduction #diagnosis #signs ... endocrinology #pathophysiology
Triquetral Fracture
The triquetrum is the second most commonly fractured carpal bone. Look for the "pooping duck
commonly fractured carpal ... "pooping duck sign ... "pooping duck sign ... fractures • ED Management ... XRay #Diagnosis #Management
Scapholunate Dissociation
The spacing between all carpal bones should be 1-2 mm, look for the "Terry Thomas"
spacing between all carpal ... "Terry Thomas" sign ... ("Terry Thomas sign ... dislocation • ED Management ... XRay #Diagnosis #Management
Osteoporosis: Pathogenesis and risk factors

 • Age > 30 (post-peak bone mass)
 • Post-menopausal women ->
Leukemia) • GI diseases ... liver or kidney disease ... #Osteoporosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Spondylosis - Pathogenesis and Complications

Vertebral disease that may compress the vertebral canal from all sides
Note: Do
Complications Vertebral disease ... the vertebral canal ... #Spondylosis #pathophysiology
Cardiac Amyloid - Diagnosis, Signs, Symptoms and Management

Clinical Presentation
- exertional dyspnea
- peripheral edema
- exertional syncope
- peripheral
Amyloid - Diagnosis, Signs ... , Symptoms and Management ... AL) - Kussmaul sign ... - conduction disease ... Diagnosis #Stages #Management
Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return (TAPVR)
 • Introduction
 • Classification
 • Pathophysiology of TAPVR
 • Presentation
Classification • Pathophysiology ... Classic “snowman sign ... Pre-Operative Management ... Post-Operative Management ... Outcomes by Cara
Feedback Loop: Growth Hormone (GH)
Growth Hormone:
 • Liver -> GHR activates JAK-STAT pathway -> Incr IGF1
activates lipolysis Signs ... expansion (e.g. carpal ... endocrinology #pathophysiology