19 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Normal Acid-Base: Low ... intake • Metabolic ... Renal Losses: • Metabolic ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... #nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis Workup ... • Euvolemic (Low ... Hypervolemic: Conn syndrome ... , Cushing syndrome ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... tubal acidosis and metabolic ... Cardiac failure #Hyponatremia ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes ... #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... , NGT suction, Low ... aldosteronism #Metabolic ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Nephrology ... #Causes
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ADH Independent:
 • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Tea and Toast Syndrome ... Beer Potomania - Low ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... #nephrology
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 • Focal: Simple, Complex
 • Generalized: Absence,
Causes of Seizures ... vasoconstriction syndrome ... Neurocysticercosis, PML • Metabolic ... Hyperglycemia, Hyponatremia ... #neurology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI Losses - Gastric
 • Vomiting
 • NG suction
GI
Causes of Metabolic ... aldosteronism Low ... Licorice • Liddle's Syndrome ... MetabolicAlkalosis #NonGap #Nephrology ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
wasting from other causes ... suggests extra-renal causes ... consumption • Low ... differential #potassium #nephrology ... #low
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
is usually caused ... 3 questions to work ... the underlying cause ... demyelination syndrome ... Treatment #management #nephrology
Generalized Seizures and Pseudoseizures
Generalized seizures "are conceptualized as originating as some point within, and rapidly engaging,
Toxic and metabolic ... causes include ... hyperglycemia, hyponatremia ... Pseudoseizures #GrandMal #Classification ... #Diagnosis #Neurology