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Altered Mental Status - Differential Diagnosis
 • Neurologic: Stroke, Cerebral hypoxia, Cerebral hemorrhage, Seizure, Trauma, TBI,
Altered Mental Status ... Cerebral hemorrhage, Seizure ... Thyroid disease • Infectious ... Recreational drugs, Toxic ingestions ... Altered #Mental #Status
Campylobacter
Clinical 
 • Fever 
 • Abdominal pain 
 • Diarrhea (bloody stools) 
 • Vomiting
Campylobacter Clinical ... • Fever • Abdominal ... Vomiting • Seizure ... • Supportive (infection
Cerebral Toxoplasmosis 
- Most comrnon CNS infection in patients with AIDS 
who are not receiving appropriate
Most comrnon CNS infection ... prophylaxis Clinical ... Altered mental status ... • Seizure
MOVE STUPID - Mnemonic for Altered Mental Status (Delirium)
 - Metabolic (hypercalcemia, hyponatremia)
 - Oxygen (hypoxia)
Altered Mental Status ... hypoglycemia) - Seizures ... Psychiatric - Infectious
Pathyophysiology - hyperglycemic crises in patients with diabetes 
Key signs/symptoms of HHS/DKA:
Both: Polyuria, polydipsia, weight loss,
, N/V, diffuse abdominal ... altered mental status ... lethargy, coma, seizure
Differential Considerations for a Seizure or Seizure-like Event
The following diagnoses may have presentations that can be
Considerations for a Seizure ... or Seizure-like ... Delirium tremens INFECTIOUS ... - CNS infections ... Panic attacks - Cataplexy
Causes of Pediatric Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Infantile:
 • Benign Focal Epilepsy of Infancy
 • West
Causes of Pediatric Seizures ... Poisoning Provoked - Infection ... : • Febrile Seizures ... Narcolepsy • Cataplexy ... #Seizures #Epilepsy
AEIOU TIPS - Mnemonic for Causes of Altered Mental Status
A - Alcohol, Acidosis, Ammonia, Arrhythmia
E -
Altered Mental Status ... , Epilepsy I - Infection ... Poisoning S - Stroke, Seizure
Risk Factors Associated with Post-operative Pulmonary Complications 

Preoperative 
• Asthma/ COPD 
• Recent respiratory infection 
•
Recent respiratory infection ... • General poor state ... Poor nutritional status ... Intraoperative • Upper abdominal
Checklist for Evaluation of New-Onset Delirium in the ICU

Initial assessment 
 - 
Vital signs, neuro exam
neuro exam - STAT ... Additional tox/infectious ... Evidence of infection ... - History of seizure ... nonconvuIsive status