10 results
diagnosis differential causes hypernatremia low workup cancer cerebral hypotonic pathophysiology physiologic table
Cerebral Salt Wasting vs SIADH - Pathophysiology 1) Neurological event 2) Sodium loss from tubules 3) Naturiesis →
Pathophysiology 1) ... Neurological event 2) Sodium ... #diagnosis #nephrology ... #hyponatremia # ... comparison
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration. Step 2. Check plasma osmolality. NORMAL PLASMA
Workup Step 1 ... Repeat the sodium ... EUVOLEMIC • SIADH ... syndrome • renal ... #Nephrology
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses •
uric acid <4 • SIADH ... failure, Cirrhosis, Nephrotic ... syndrome • Urine ... algorithm #diagnosis ... #sodium #low #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypovolemic - Give volume Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
Hypovolemic - Give volume ... CHF, cirrhosis, nephrotic ... syndrome) Euvolemic ... #diagnosis #nephrology ... #sodium
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants Hypotonic Hyponatremia: • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
failure, Cirrhosis, Nephrotic ... syndrome - ... OFF (UNa > 30): SIADH ... polydipsia, Low solute ... #sodium #nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
algorithm Urine ... +K / serum Na >1 ... failure, Cirrhosis, Nephrotic ... syndrome) • ADH ... #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ADH Independent: • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
Diagnosis Algorithm ... insufficiency, SIADH ... liver failure, nephrotic ... syndrome ... #causes #nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm 1) Check Urine Osmolality: > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Diagnosis Workup Algorithm ... 1) Check Urine ... mechanism 2) Volume ... , Cushing syndrome ... #nephrology #sodium
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP Hypotonic Hyponatremia: • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
• Euvolemia: SIADH ... Liver Cirrhosis, Nephrotic ... Syndrome, Chronic ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology ... #sodium #low
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm in Cancer UOsm ≥ 100 mOsm/kg = Urine is inappropriately concentrated for hypotonic
Diagnosis Algorithm ... capillary leak syndrome ... inappropriate • SIAD ... adrenalitis; PD-1 ... #nephrology #oncology
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