33 results
Hyperparathyroidism - Primary vs Secondary vs Tertiary 
Lab Comparison:
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism: ↑→PTH, ↑Calcium, ↑Vitamin D,
: Commonly no signs ... pain Psychiatric Symptoms ... Alteration in hunger ... Hyperparathyroidism #diagnosis ... Secondary #Tertiary #pathophysiology
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
Signs and symptoms ... criteria for MS ... • Primary Progressive ... ) • Acute: ... #management #neurology
Achilles Tendon Rupture - Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • The Achilles tendon is 15cm long in
warriors") • Acute ... TendonRupture #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms ... #pathophysiology ... #msk #orthopedics
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Symptoms (included in DSM 5 criteria) - Present during
included in DSM 5 criteria ... ) - Worse in winter ... MoodDisorders #Diagnosis ... #Pathophysiology ... #Signs #Symptoms
NINDS Diagnostic Criteria for Guillain Barre Syndrome 
Features Required for Guillain-Barré Syndrome:
 • Progressive muscle weakness
Criteria for Guillain ... , Mild sensory symptoms ... or signs, Cranial ... except in Miller Fisher ... hexacarbon abuse • Acute
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
reflexes) • Urinary ... CaudaEquina #Syndrome #MSK ... #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #symptoms ... #signs
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Acute Spinal Cord ... Injury #Syndromes #diagnosis ... #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #msk #orthopedics
Anterior Shoulder Dislocation: Pathogenesis, clinical, and radiographic findings

Trauma, Fall on, outstretched arm, Overhead throwing => Abduction
to glenoid -> Acute ... #Dislocation #Diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms ... #msk #orthopedics ... #pathophysiology
Emphysematous Cystitis
Epidemiology:
 • Usually middle-aged diabetic women
 • Other RF: neurogenic bladder, urinary tract outlet obstruction,
compromise Clinical Signs ... /Symptoms: • Usually ... be present or signs ... Pathophysiology: ... #management
Diffuse Systemic Sclerosis (Scleroderma)
 - Pulmonary Fibrosis -> Crackles, Abnormal CXR
 - Pulmonary Hypertension, Right Heart
Renal Failure - Mask ... ) - Finger/hand ... #Scleroderma #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #diagnosis