15 results
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Hypercalcemia due to increased bone Ca2+ resorption:
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism, Malignancy, Pseudohyperparathyroidism, Renal failure,
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... resorption: • Primary ... Hypercalcemia #Causes ... differential #diagnosis #calcium ... #high #endocrinology
Adrenal Insufficiency Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical suspicion: Weakness, fatigue, nausea, musculoskeletal pain, dizziness, volume depletion, abdominal pain,
Adrenal Insufficiency ... Weakness, fatigue, nausea ... baseline ACTH - Primary ... adrenal insufficiency ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #endocrinology
Causes of Adrenal Insufficiency - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ACTH-Dependent (Secondary):
 • Pituitary Dysfunction
 • Hypothalamic Dysfunction
ACTH-Independent (Primary):
Causes of Adrenal ... Insufficiency - ... ACTH-Independent (Primary ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes ... #endocrinology
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency
Addison's Disease - Damage of the adrenal glands with lack of cortisol, androgens and
Insufficiency Addison's ... aldosterone Causes ... of Adrenal Insufficiency ... ovarian insufficiency ... addisons #disease #endocrinology
Adrenal Insufficiency Diagnosis Algorithm - Evaluation of HPA Axis Response to ACTH

Early am cortisol < 3
Adrenal Insufficiency ... diagnostic of primary ... unclear (often the case ... AI #Adrenal #Insufficiency ... Stimulation #Test #Endocrinology
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
or normal): • Primary ... Bony Mets - Calcium ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... #endocrinology
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Adenoma
 • Hyperplasia
 • MEN 1 and 2A
Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism
Diagnosis Algorithm Primary ... Autosomal Dominant Calcium ... Other • Excess Calcium ... Immobilization • Adrenal Insufficiency ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Endocrinology
Adrenal Insufficiency - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency:
Most Common Cause in the US: Autoimmune Adrenalitis
Other
Management Summary Primary ... : Most Common Cause ... Adrenalitis Other causes ... #Primary #Secondary ... Diagnosis #Management #Endocrinology
Hypercalcemia Evaluation
1) Clinical clues
 - Is the patient symptomatic?
 - Family history?
 - Have you done
Evaluation 1) Clinical clues ... → Primary hyperapara ... → Primary hyperpara ... differential #diagnosis #endocrinology ... #calcium #elevated
Infectious Causes of Adrenal Insufficiency
Anatomical distribution of vessels to the adrenal makes the gland prone to
Infectious Causes ... of Adrenal Insufficiency ... risk for either primary ... #Infectious #Causes ... differential #diagnosis #endocrinology