5835 results
Classification of Jaundice
Unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia (predominantly indirect bilirubin)
 • Increased bilirubin production (eg, hemolytic anemias, hemolytic reactions,
Dysfunction - Biliary ... certain drugs, biliary ... Choledocholithiasis, biliary ... , carcinoma of biliary ... Classification #diagnosis
Jaundice - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pre-Hepatic - Unconjugated Hyperbilirubinemia
Increased Production
 • Hemolysis
 • Ineffective Erythropoiesis
 • Hematoma
Decreased
- Differential Diagnosis ... Hepatocellular • Cholestatic ... on Ultrasound Biliary ... Gallstones • Biliary ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Causes of Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis
Hepatocellular - Liver Parenchyma
 • Infectious: Hepatitis C, A,
- Differential Diagnosis ... hepatitis, Acute biliary ... Hepatitis, TB Cholestatic ... Extrahepatic • Biliary ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Liver Function Test (LFTs) Elevation
AST - Cardiac and skeletal muscle, kidney, brain
ALT - More specific for
the liver ALP - Biliary ... ALT ≥ 3x ULN Cholestatic ... pattern ≤2: Cholestatic ... Transaminitis #diagnosis
Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Vascular Causes of Acute Liver Injury: 
 • Hepatic vein:
- Differential Diagnosis ... Extrahepatic - Biliary ... Choledocholithiasis, Biliary ... - Obstruction: Biliary ... #differential #diagnosis
Abnormal Liver Function Tests - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm for Transaminitis
Hepatocellular Pattern (ALT or AST > ALP):
- Differential Diagnosis ... def, Wilson's, Cholestatic ... dz Cholestatic ... - CBD stone, Biliary ... Transaminitis #Algorithm #diagnosis
Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) Elevation - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

ALP:
 - Enzymes that catalyze hydrolysis of organic phosphate
- Differential Diagnosis ... of Intrahepatic cholestasis ... - Pruritis - Cholestasis ... Drugs - Primary biliary ... PSC - Other biliary
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary

PBC Epidemiology:
 • Female:Male 9:1
 • Common European descent
 • Age:
Primary Biliary ... bile ducts causes cholestasis ... No extrahepatic biliary ... Differential Diagnosis ... #cholangitis #diagnosis
Elevated Liver Enzymes - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Severe ALT > 15x ULN
 • Viral
 • Drugs/Toxins
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... • Others • Cholestatic ... Duct Stone • Biliary ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Clinical Examination for Liver and Biliary Diseases
1) Hands: Clubbing, Dupuytren's contracture, Leuconychia, Bruising, Flapping tremor (hepatic
for Liver and Biliary ... with chronic, cholestasis ... Bruising, Edema #biliary ... disease #signs #diagnosis