165 results
Liver Enzymes (LFTs) - Causes of Hepatocellular and Cholestatic Liver Injury
Hepatocellular Liver Injury
 • AST/ALT elevation
Hepatocellular and Cholestatic ... more specific for hepatic ... Hepatocellular or Cholestatic ... R ≤ 2 = Cholestatic ... Hepatocellular #Cholestatic
Causes of Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis
Hepatocellular - Liver Parenchyma
 • Infectious: Hepatitis C, A,
Causes of Acute Liver ... Vasculature • Hepatic ... Congestion/CHF • Hepatic ... Thrombus, Vasospasm Cholestatic ... Hepatitis, TB Cholestatic
Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Vascular Causes of Acute Liver Injury: 
 • Hepatic vein:
Injury: • Hepatic ... Venoocclusive disease • Hepatic ... poisoning, ETOH Cholestatic ... epithelia: - Cholestasis ... ALT: typical of cholestatic
Liver Disease in Pregnancy
Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy (ICP)
 • Onset/Trimester: 25-32 weeks
 • Typical clinical features:
Intrahepatic Cholestasis ... : <5 mg/dL • Hepatic ... Histology: Normal-mild cholestasis ... imaging: Hepatic ... if severe • Hepatic
Liver Chemistries - Interpretation of LFTs

R-value: Serum (ALT/ULN ALT) / (Alk phos/ULN ALP)
 • R >
RNA • R < 2: Cholestasis ... Obstruction: Cholestasis ... epithelia - Cholestasis ... ALT: typical of cholestatic ... replaced by non-hepatic
Hepatobiliary Manifestations of Sickle Cell Disease
Acute sickle cell hepatic crisis:
 • Fever, acute onset RUQ pain,
Acute sickle cell hepatic ... crisis Acute Hepatic ... Acute intrahepatic cholestasis ... progressing to acute liver ... Liver transplant
Clinical Examination for Liver and Biliary Diseases
1) Hands: Clubbing, Dupuytren's contracture, Leuconychia, Bruising, Flapping tremor (hepatic
Examination for Liver ... Flapping tremor (hepatic ... with chronic, cholestasis ... Palpable gallbladder, Hepatic ... physicalexam #cirrhosis #liver
Classification of Jaundice
Unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia (predominantly indirect bilirubin)
 • Increased bilirubin production (eg, hemolytic anemias, hemolytic reactions,
• Hereditary Cholestatic ... of intrahepatic cholestasis ... eg, hepatitis, hepatic ... ) Intrahepatic cholestasis ... or intrahepatic cholestasis
Cholestatic Liver Disease: Primary Biliary Cirrhosis vs Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis

#pathophysiology #pbc #psc #hepatology #comparison
Cholestatic Liver
Drug Induced Liver Injury (DILI) - Stepwise Diagnosis Algorithm
DILI suspicion
Features toxic aetiology: Skin involvement, Kidney injury,
Drug Induced Liver ... Alcohol-related liver ... disease, Hepatic ... titres, ↑ IgG • Cholestatic ... presentation: Hepatic