11 results
Traditionally, congestive heart failure has been classified according to severity of symptoms, first formulated by the
Association, which is classes ... flare ups that cause ... class III and class ... HeartFailure #Staging #Classification ... #Stages #Classes
Lupus Nephritis Primer
Class I - Minimal Mesangial
Class II - Mesangial Proliferative
Class Ill - Focal Proliferative
Class IV
Lupus Nephritis Primer ... Class I - Minimal ... Mesangial Class ... Nephritis #SLE #Classification ... #Classes #differential
Causes of Chronic Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pericardial
 • Effusion
 • Cardiac Tamponade*
 • Constriction
Myocardial
 •
Causes of Chronic ... Pericardial • Effusion ... Pleural Thickening/Masses ... Interstitium • ILD • CHF ... #Causes
Shock - Pathophysiology 
Inadequate tissue perfusion to meet O2, nutrient requirements
1. Distributive Shock
2. Hypovolemic Shock
3. Cardiogenic
Shock - Pathophysiology ... Inadequate tissue perfusion ... Shock #Shock #Pathophysiology ... differential #diagnosis #algorithm ... #causes
STAGES of CHF (A, B, C, D), however, describe the severity of structural abnormalities that impair
STAGES of CHF (A ... Stage D CHF is frequently ... flare ups that cause ... class III and class ... Stages #ACCAHA #Algorithm
Antiarrhythmics - Vaughan Williams Classification:
CLASS 1 - Sodium Channel Blockers:
 • MOA: Block fast Na+ channels
: CLASS 1 - Sodium ... duration: - CLASS ... duration - CLASS ... & AP duration CLASS ... #Classes #pathophysiology
Recurrent Polymorphic VT/Torsades de Pointes - Management Algorithm
Drugs that prolong QT interval:
 • Class 1a (quinidine,
interval: • Class ... disopyramide) • Class ... flecainide) • Class ... Anti-arrhythmic • Class ... 1b (lidocaine)- case
Antiarrhythmics Pharmacology Summary
Cardiac Conduction Phases:
Phase 0 - Ventricular Depolarization:
 • Na+ channels open leading to a
: CLASS 1 - Sodium ... duration - CLASS ... duration - CLASS ... & AP duration CLASS ... #Classes #pathophysiology
In order to better classify heart failure, the American College of Cardiology Foundation and the American
risk factors as a classification ... Association functional class ... of the ACC/AHA Classification ... Diagnosis #Cardiology #CHF ... #Stages #Classes
Hepatorenal Syndrome (HRS)

Definition:
• Functional, potentially reversible kidney impairment.
• Occurs in advanced liver disease: cirrhosis, severe alcoholic
Caused by splanchnic ... Pathophysiology: ... Exclude other AKI causes ... Classification: ... essential in all cases