22 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
tubular acidosis (Types ... and 2, but not type ... 4) - Salt wasting ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... Potassium #Table #Classification
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Once pseudohypokalemia is ruled out, causes of hypokalemia can be
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... filling of bucket (low ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #workup ... #nephrology
Hypophosphatemia Diagnostic Algorithm
- GI Losses
- Redistribution
- 1° HPT
- 1° Renal PO4 wasting: Hereditary, TIO, Fanconi Syndrome,
- GI Losses - Redistribution ... - 1° Renal PO4 wasting ... Hypophosphatemia #phosphorus #low ... #diagnosis #Algorithm ... #differential #nephrology
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
Framework and Workup ... /normal Type ... Villous adenoma - Losses ... Differential #Diagnosis #Workup ... #nephrology
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Excessive GI losses ... Familial renal Mg wasting ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... Magnesium #Table #Classification ... #Causes #Workup
Antiarrhythmics Pharmacology Summary
Cardiac Conduction Phases:
Phase 0 - Ventricular Depolarization:
 • Na+ channels open leading to a
moving back to resting ... Phase 4 - True Resting ... Vaughan Williams Classification ... #Pharmacology #Classification ... #Classes #pathophysiology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm ... differentiating kidney K wasting ... consumption • Low ... differential #potassium #nephrology ... #low
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4
 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses
 •
Cerebral salt wasting ... Hypothyroidism, Low ... #Hyponatremia #algorithm ... diagnosis #sodium #low ... #nephrology
Lymphomas and Lymphoproliferative Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hodgkin Lymphoma ~40% - Characteristic For Reed-Sternberg (RS) Cells
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... are present • Classic ... B-Cell ~90% • Low ... Lymphoproliferative #Disorders #Classification ... #pathophysiology
Causes of Nephrolithiasis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Radio-opaque - Calcium-containing - 90% of stones
Radiolucent - Non-calcium 10%
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... overproduction • Low ... solubility: • Low ... Hypocitraturia • RTA Type ... Nephrolithiasis #Nephrology