37 results
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Low intake 
• poor oral intake 

Renal loss 
• Medication 
• Hypomagnesemia 
•
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Low intake ... Renal tubular acidosis ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #Classification
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Metabolic acidosis ... • Metabolic acidosis ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #potassium
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
Renal tubular acidosis ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... #Potassium #Table ... #Classification ... #Causes
The Diagnostic Approach to Hyperkalemia
Drugs
 - Amiloride
 - Spironolactone
 - Triamterene
 - Trimethoprim
 - Pentamidine
 -
inhibitors Other causes ... Ketoconazole Low ... Renin - Diabetes ... #Hyperkalemia #Algorithm ... #differential #causes
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
- Uncontrolled diabetes ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... #Magnesium #Table ... #Classification ... #Causes #Workup
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... - Normal/low ... gap metabolic acidosis ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #urinary
Causes of Anemia by Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Low Mean Corpuscular Volume (<80
Causes of Anemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Low Mean Corpuscular ... #Anemia #MCV #Classification ... #Causes #Hematology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm ... wasting from other causes ... suggests extra-renal causes ... consumption • Low ... - Metabolic acidosis
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Causes of Hypernatremia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... mannitol, glucosuria Low ... 300 mmol/kg • Diabetes ... #Causes
Metformin Pharmacology Summary
Mechanisms of Action:
 • Suppresses gluconeogenesis by the liver
 • Increases insulin-mediated glucose utilization
agent • Does not cause ... hypoglycemia • Low ... — mitigated by slow ... causing lactic acidosis ... #Summary #DM2 #diabetes