9 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
- Differential Diagnosis ... Alkalosis • ↑ beta-2 ... Losses Non-renal ... losses (NG suction, diarrhea ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
and Workup Step ... Step 2. ... volume loss - diarrhea ... #Workup #Algorithm ... #Nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm ... Acidosis - RTA - Diarrhea ... Renal artery stenosis ... #Diagnosis #Causes ... #Workup #Nephrology
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
- Differential Diagnosis ... Framework and Workup ... normal Type 2: ... Loss of HCO3 - Diarrhea ... #Workup #nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Workup Algorithm ... mechanism 2) ... • Euvolemic (Low ... #Workup #Algorithm ... #nephrology #sodium
Post-Transplant Diarrhea - Diagnosis and Management Algorithm
Post-transplant diarrhea (≥ 3 loose or liquid stools per day)
Management Algorithm ... Malabsorption workup ... #Diagnosis #Management ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #renal #kidney
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
Syndrome, Chronic Renal ... MH/CCF/CWRU EM ... #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology #sodium ... #low
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased intake (rare cause in isolation)
GI loss - Urine loss
Algorithm Decreased ... <20mmol/d • Diarrhea ... Insulin • Beta-2 ... aldosterone • Renal ... #Hypokalemia #Nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
reabsorption) Workup ... acidosis) • Low ... Treatments: • Calcium 2- ... 10U reg IV + 1-2 ... #potassium #nephrology