9 results
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
alkalosis • Normal/low ... high in kidney ... acidosis, a high ... #nephrology #differential ... #diagnosis
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
differentiating kidney ... A urine K/Cr ratio ... suggests extra-renal ... losses: • High ... potassium #nephrology
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
AG metabolic acidosis ... Diagnosis: Causes ... #Summary #Nephrology ... #ABG #bloodgas ... #Acid #Base #Gas
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
NAGMA - Chem, ABG ... Urinary Anion Gap ... - RenalUrine ... 4: Hyperkalemic ... #nephrology
Types of Renal Calculi

Calcium oxalate
 - Interstitial apatite plaque, Low urine volume, Increased urinary calcium excretion,
in kidney and intestine ... , Low urinary citrate ... - Antiviral treatment ... #stones #differential ... #diagnosis #causes
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Causes of High-anion ... Gap Metabolic Acidosis ... Causes of High-anion ... #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis ... K+ Excretion: ... #Diagnosis #Management ... #Treatment #potassium ... #nephrology #K
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
resistance • Metabolic ... ; High-Ceiling Diuretics ... stones caused by ... #Renal #Excretion ... #Diuresis #Nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Summary Causes ... Heat stroke - Metabolic ... #Diagnosis #Management ... #causes #treatment ... #nephrology