11 results
Algorithm for evaluating multiple ring-enhancing lesions in immunocompetent (HIV negative)

#ringenhancing #lesions #cns #brain #diagnosis #differential #algorithm
immunocompetent (HIV ... #cns #brain #diagnosis ... #differential # ... algorithm #causes ... #radiology #neurology
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
Toxoplasmosis (CD4 ... CNS Lymphoma (CD4 ... #Brain #differential ... #diagnosis #causes ... #radiology #neurology
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
dementia Pathophysiology ... bilateral white matter lesions ... well-defined than PML lesions ... and with low CD4 ... #AIDS #Neurology
Causes of Hemiplegia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cerebral Hemisphere (Contralateral motor cortex)
 • Aphasia
 • Apraxia
 •
Causes of Hemiplegia ... - Differential ... Cognition/Confusion, Dementia ... sensory loss Brain ... Unilateral Spinal Cord Lesions
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
/ AIDS - Differential ... parietal - Size lesions ... Demyelinating disease caused ... CNS #Infections #differential ... InfectiousDiseases #Neurology
BEE Syndromes - Non-inflammatory Causes

Immune-mediated conditions affecting the Brain, Eye, and Ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in
Non-inflammatory Causes ... affecting the Brain ... pachymeningitis • HIV ... LHON) plus MRI lesions ... noninflammatory #differential
Neurological Manifestations of Tuberculosis
Spinal Arachnoiditis & Polyradiculopathy:
 • Subacute onset of limb weakness, bladder/bowel dysfunction, muscle
(IRIS): • In HIV ... contrast enhancement Brain ... neurological symptoms • Caused ... Tuberculosis #diagnosis #differential ... #TB #neurology
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
monophasic Pathophysiology ... ruled out • Brain ... MRI: Check for brain ... simplex virus, HIV ... #differential
Lung Abscess - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Lung Abscess Etiology:
 • Necrosis of lung parenchyma by a
Lung Abscess Pathophysiology ... Diagnosis: • CBC ... stable residual lesion ... Lung Abscess Differential ... Abscess #pulmonary #differential
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
parietal lobes of the brain ... Etiology: • Pathophysiology ... showing cortical lesions ... Reversible course Differential ... the underlying cause