11 results
Myocarditis
Diagnosis 
• Endomyocardial biopsy (gold standard, rarely performed) 
• Clinical presentation 
• Cardiovascular MRI 
Clinical 
•
Myocarditis Diagnosis ... tachycardia • S3, S4 ... gallop • Abnormal ECG ... , echocardiogram ... shock, sudden cardiac
Constrictive Pericarditis on Echocardiogram
A 55-year-old female marathon runner presents to clinic w/ 6-months of worsening breathlessness
runner presents to clinic ... had gained 15 kg ... circumferential pericardial ... expiration not meeting diagnostic ... #a4c #pocus #clinical
Cardiac Tamponade - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
Caused by an accumulation of blood, pus, effusion fluid
Cardiac Tamponade ... Plan definitive management ... ultrasound to identify pericardial ... toward the largest pericardial ... #Management #Workup
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
- Differential Diagnosis ... of lactate as a clinical ... perfusion - Cardiac ... failure - Low cardiac ... - Cocaine - Cyanide
Complex Pericardial Effusion with Tamponade on POCUS Echocardiogram - A4C
Pt sent to ED c intradialytic hypotension.
Tamponade on POCUS Echocardiogram ... K 5.9 without EKG ... #Effusion #Cardiac ... Tamponade #POCUS #Echocardiogram ... #A4C #clinical
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes - OnePager Summary
Autoimmune ANCA vasculitis (AAV): GPA (granulomatous with polyangiitis), EGPA (eosinophilic granulomatosis
(UPC) ratio • Cardiac ... o infection • Echocardiogram ... EGPA (↓ LVEF, pericardial ... recent DAN) • EMG ... #management #treatment
Amyloidosis - Summary
Group of disorders associated with extracellular deposition of fibrils formed from low-molecular-weight proteins in
configuration Types ... Clinical suspicion ... LVH, low-voltage EKG ... Testing: • EKG ... • Echocardiogram
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis ... and Management ... Aldosterone, RTA Type ... line, stabilizes cardiac ... SC (~0.5 mg)
Preoperative Risk Evaluation

Major Pre-Op Questions:
1. Does the patient have any modifiable risk factors that could be
Obtain EKG if: ... Change in clinical ... What is the type ... medical and surgical management ... stratification #diagnosis
SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus)

Suspect:
Clinical evidence of (fatigue, rash, photosensitivity, inflammatory arthritis, weight loss, and fever) and
) Suspect: Clinical ... Differential Diagnosis ... Kikuchi disease • Type-I ... Serositis: • Pleural/pericardial ... Cytopenias • Cardiac