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Mediastinal Mass - Differential Diagnosis
Anterior Mediastinal Mass:
 • Thymus (Thymoma, carcinoma, hyperplasia, cyst)
 • Lymphoma
 •
Anterior Mediastinal ... , hyperplasia, cyst ... • Bronchogenic cysts ... , Pericardial Cysts ... Tumors • Vascular Mases
Differential diagnosis of Langerhans cell histiocytosis.
Nodular LCH:
- Sarcoidosis: perilymphatic distribution.
- Metastases: random distribution.
Cystic LCH:
- LAM: round
Cystic LCH: - LAM ... : round cysts, evenly ... #Radiology #CTChest ... #Cystic #Cysts ... Comparison #Table #RadiologyAssistant
On the left three different patients with lung cysts.
From left to right: Lymphangiomyomatosis, LIP and Langerhans
patients with lung cysts ... #Clinical #Diagnosis ... #Radiology #CTChest ... #LAM #LIP #Histiocytosis ... #RadiologyAssistant
Cavities frequently arise within a mass or an area of consolidation as a result of necrosis.
We
arise within a mass ... between cavities and cysts ... Cysts occur without ... Cysts usually contain ... #Cavity #Cyst #
There is a hydropneumothorax.
Notice the air-fluid level (blue arrow).
The upper lobe is still attached to the
There is a lung cyst ... is a possible diagnosis ... leading to pulmonary cyst ... #Clinical #Radiology ... #RadiologyAssistant
The fourth pattern includes abnormalities that result in decreased lung attenuation or air-filled lesions.
These include:
- Emphysema
-
Emphysema - Lung cysts ... (LAM, LIP, Langerhans ... #Diagnosis #Radiology ... TractionBronchiectasis #Cysts ... Emphysema #SignetRing #RadiologyAssistant
Mediastinal Mass - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Anterior Mediastinal Mass - 5T’s
 • Thymic neoplasm
 • Teratoma (or
• Bronchogenic cyst ... Pleuropericardial cyst ... Aneurysm • Enteric cyst ... - Bronchogenic cyst ... - Pericardial cyst
The table on the left is the overall table for mediastinal masses.
In the next paragraphs we
Tumors - Benign Cysts ... tumors - Foregut cysts ... #Diagnosis #Pulmonary ... #Mass #Differential ... #Table #Anterior
Key findings in Lymphangiomyomatosis:
Numerous thin-walled cysts, surrounded by normal parenchyma.
Cysts range from 2mm to 5cm in
Numerous thin-walled cysts ... Cysts range from ... Cysts are distributed ... thickness of the cysts ... #Cystic #RadiologyAssistant
Sellar / Pituitary Mass - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Adenoma - Primary Anterior Pituitary
 - Secreting
Sellar / Pituitary Mass ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Adenoma - Primary Anterior ... Meningioma • Cyst ... endocrinology #causes