18 results
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
Nephritic vs Nephrotic ... /nephritic syndromes ... hematuria (RBC casts ... #Nephritic #Nephrotic ... Syndrome #Comparison #Algorithm
Differentiation Between Nephrotic Syndrome and Nephritic Syndrome 
== Nephrotic Syndrome ==
Onset - Insidious 
Edema - ++++
Blood
Syndrome and Nephritic ... Syndrome == Nephrotic ... Red blood cell casts ... Red blood cell casts ... #Comparison #Table
Algorithmic Approach to Acute Interstitial Nephritis
When to suspect AIN? (not sensitive)
 • AKI, AKD, rapidly progressive
Algorithmic Approach ... Acute Interstitial Nephritis ... sterile pyuria, WBC casts ... proteinuria, granular casts ... #AIN #Algorithm
Low Attenuation pattern 
1. Lymphangiomyomatosis (LAM): uniform cysts in woman of child-bearing age; no history of
Low Attenuation pattern ... (LAM): uniform cysts ... bizarre shaped cysts ... LowAttenuation #Cystic #Pattern ... #Comparison #Table
Low Attenuation pattern (2) 
1. Centrilobular emphysema: low attenuation areas without walls. Notice the centrilobular artery
Low Attenuation pattern ... multiple thick walled cysts ... (LAM): regular cysts ... LowAttenuation #Cystic #Pattern ... #Comparison #Table
Differential diagnosis on HRCT
Most of our knowledge about imaging findings in interstitial lung disease comes from
there are four patterns ... low attenuation (table ... The cystic pattern ... When the cysts have ... seen and in many cases
Causes of Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Red blood cells on urine microscopy. Must exclude false positives
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Neoplasm/Cyst ... RBCs and/or RBC casts ... • Hereditary nephritis ... and >3.5g/day (nephrotic
Nodular pattern(2)
1. Sarcoidosis: nodules with perilymphatic distribution, along fissures, adenopathy.
2. TB: Tree-in-bud appearance in a patient
Nodular pattern( ... before the typical cysts ... CTChest #Nodular #Pattern ... #Comparison #Table
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Hematuria Workup ... and Diagnosis Algorithm ... proteinuria, RBC casts ... Hematuria #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Workup #urology
Lupus Nephritis - Diagnostic approach to kidney disease associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
SLE patient develops
Lupus Nephritis ... > 500 mg/d • Nephritic ... dysmorphic RBCs, RBC casts ... , WBC casts) especially ... #diagnosis #algorithm