7538 results
Macrophage Activation Syndrome (MAS)
Classified among the secondary or acquired forms of haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (sHLH)

What?
A subset of
pro-inflammatory cytokines ... hemophagocytosis and cytokine ... syndromes Clinical ... is the main clinical ... - Nonremitting fever
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)
Definition: Overwhelming clinical syndrome associated with excessive macrophage activation and cytokine storm due to
: Overwhelming clinical ... activation and cytokine ... following: • Fever
Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Clinical features - Classic triad (flank pain, hematuria,
Management Summary Clinical ... night sweats, fever ... ), Recombinant cytokines
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)
Pathophysiology: Triggering factor (infection,...)→Activation of CD8 T cells (IFN-y) → Excessive activation of macrophages
pro-inflammatory cytokines ... accumulation of clinical ... Assessment • Clinical ... : fever +++, hepatosplenomegaly
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
Epithelioid cells → cytokines ... renal failure Clinical ... General: fever, ... syndrome: ACUTE, fever ... presentation with fever
Hypothermia in Sepsis - Pathophysiology
 • 20% of septic pts → HYPOTHERMIA
 • Increased mortality 62%
proinflammatory cytokines ... anti-inflammatory cytokine
Giant Cell (Temporal) Arteritis: Pathogenesis and investigations
Risk Factors:
 - Unclear environmental triggers (may be viral, not
alter inflammatory cytokine ... GCA is almost never ... /Symptoms: - Fever
Faget Sign - Pulse-Temperature Dissociation
Causes of Relative Bradycardia
 • Infectious Causes: Legionella, Psittacosis, Q fever, Typhoid
Psittacosis, Q fever ... , Typhoid fever, ... , Dengue fever, ... Mountain spotted fever ... , Drug fever
Fever Patterns - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Continuous Fever:
Temp > 38°C with only 1 degree fluctuation in 24
Fever Patterns - ... Continuous Fever ... (Step ladder: fever ... Intermittent Fever ... or no fever
Faget's Sign & Liebermeister's Rule
Pulse-Temperature Dissociation
EVERY 1 F RISE IN TEMPERATURE -> HR INCREASES 8-10 BPM
INFECTIOUS
Psittacosis • Q Fever ... • Typhoid Fever ... • Drug Fever ... CLINICAL UTILITY ... Typhoid Fever (S