3863 results
Macrophage Activation Syndrome (MAS)
Classified among the secondary or acquired forms of haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (sHLH)

What?
A subset of
Macrophage Activation Syndrome ... pro-inflammatory cytokines ... hemophagocytosis and cytokine ... Periodic fever syndromes ... #Diagnosis #Management
Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome (STSS)
Complication of invasive GAS disease characterized by shock & MOF → occurs
Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome ... of inflammatory cytokines ... #Toxic #Shock #Syndrome ... STSS #treatment #management
Anti-IL6 Agents (Tocilizumab, Siltuximab) in COVID19

IL-6 activates T cells and macrophages, among other cell types (see
cell types (see “Cytokine ... Activation Syndrome ... #Pharmacology #Management
KSHV Inflammatory Cytokine Syndrome (KICS)
Working Case Definition for KICS: Requires at least 2 clinical manifestations (from
KSHV Inflammatory Cytokine ... Syndrome (KICS) ... #Inflammatory #Cytokine ... #Syndrome #Kaposi ... #diagnosis #management
Fever vs Hyperthermia
Fever:
 • Regulated in the hypothalamic thermoregulatory center
 • "Set point" raised by prostaglandin
Endotoxins, Toxins, Cytokines ... Neuroleptic malignant syndrome ... ; Serotonin syndrome ... comparison #diagnosis #management
Differentiation Syndrome in APML
Epidemiology:
 • Incidence: common in APL (2-48% depending on the study)
 • Triggers:
Differentiation Syndrome ... Pathophysiology: • Cytokine ... Differentiation #Syndrome ... APML #diagnosis #management
Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Clinical features - Classic triad (flank pain, hematuria,
Diagnosis and Management ... Budd Chiari syndrome ... ), Recombinant cytokines ... RCC #Diagnosis #Management
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)
Definition: Overwhelming clinical syndrome associated with excessive macrophage activation and cytokine storm due to
Overwhelming clinical syndrome ... activation and cytokine ... Lymphohistiocytosis #diagnosis #management
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
Diagnosis and Management ... Epithelioid cells → cytokines ... Specific sarcoidosis syndromes ... • Heerfordt syndrome ... Sarcoidosis #Diagnosis #Management
Hypothermia in Sepsis - Pathophysiology
 • 20% of septic pts → HYPOTHERMIA
 • Increased mortality 62%
proinflammatory cytokines ... anti-inflammatory cytokine