15 results
Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status 

Hypervolemic hypernatremia 
 - CHF
Classification, Differential ... - Diuretics ... Classification #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... of hypotonic hyponatremia ... #differential # ... diagnosis #table ... #sodium #nephrology
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Renal Loses - Medications ... Loop and thiazide diuretics ... Hypomagnesemia #Differential ... Low #Magnesium #Table ... Classification #Causes
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
nephrotic syndrome • Hyponatremia ... Kidney stones caused ... and euvolemic hyponatremia ... #Nephrology #Pharmacology ... #Medications #Table
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 • Focal: Simple, Complex
 • Generalized: Absence,
Causes of Seizures ... - Differential ... Toxic: Alcohol, Medication ... Hyperglycemia, Hyponatremia ... #neurology
Etiologies of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
GI losses / Insensible losses
Sodium Overload
Transcellular Movement of Water
Central Diabetes Insipidus
Etiologies of Hypernatremia ... - Differential ... in kidneys) - Medications ... Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes
Micronutrient Deficiencies After Gastric Bypass
Fat-Soluble Vitamins:
 • Vitamin A - Night/complete blindness, xeropthalmia (pathologic dryness of
• Thiamine - Nausea ... B12 - Macrocytic anemia ... deficits, myelopathy Trace ... vitamin #nutrition #table ... #differential #
Causes of Priapism
Many disease states have been associated with priapism, including hematologic disorders, malignancy, neurologic disorders,
Causes of Priapism ... disorders, malignancy, neurologic ... trauma, infection, medications ... #Differential # ... Table
Gerstmann Syndrome
1) Finger agnosia - Inability to name their own fingers, affecting both sides
2) Right-left confusion
- Inability to differentiate ... Agraphia (without alexia ... patient is still able ... to copy Causes ... Gerstmann #Syndrome #neurology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Etiology: • Medications ... only if no clear cause ... Elimination (see Table ... STOP offending medications ... Treatment #potassium #nephrology