12 results
Metformin - First Line Treatment for Diabetes Type 2
• Start with initial dose of 500 mg
gastrointestinal (GI) adverse effects ... form and consider using ... than stopping medication ... #Titration #Pharmacology ... #Diabetes #DM2
DPP4 Inhibitors - Normal and Renal Dosing

Increase Incretins (GLP-I & GIP) -> Stimulates Insulin, Inhibits Glucagon
titrate up to effects ... only few side effects ... #Pharmacology # ... Management #Diabetes #DM2 ... #Endocrinology
DPP-4 Inhibitors - Pharmacology Summary
Mechanisms of Action: Inhibits DPP-4 (dipeptidyl peptidase 4), which normally inactivates GLP-1
4 Inhibitors - Pharmacology ... failure Common Side Effects ... definitively cause/effect ... #Summary #DM2 # ... diabetes #endocrinology
GLP-1 Receptor Agonists - Pharmacology Summary
Mechanisms of Action: Stimulate glucose-dependent insulin release from the pancreas (GLP-1
Ozempic), or daily tablet ... pancreatitis Common Side Effects ... Toxicities: • Gl side effects ... #Summary #DM2 # ... diabetes #endocrinology
Opioid Use Disorder Medications - Pharmacokinetics

Buprenorphine is a partial mu-opioid receptor agonist with low intrinsic activity,
leading to prolonged effects ... pharmacological effects ... by blocking the effects ... to block their effects ... #Pharmacology #
SGLT2 Inhibitors 
SGLT2 inhibitors are the newest class of anti-diabetic medications, with the first one (Canagliflozin)
drugs include side effects ... Side effects include ... SGLT2 #Inhibitors #Pharmacology ... #Medications #DM2 ... #Diabetes #Endocrinology
GLP-1 Agonists

Adlyxin (Lixisenatide) Daily
Bydureon (Exenatide ER) Weekly 
Ozempic (Semaglutide) Weekly 
Trulicity (Dulaglutide) Weekly 
Victoza (Liraglutide) Daily
to the incretin effect ... Common side effects ... GLP1 #Agonists #Pharmacology ... #Dosing #Diabetes ... #DM2 #Endocrinology
Potassium-Binding Agents to Treat Hyperkalemia
Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (Lokelma):
 • Mechanism: Preferentially captures K in exchange for
15 g QD • Side Effects ... 8.4 g • Side Effects ... daily • Side Effects ... #pharmacology # ... table #comparison
Review of Intranasally Administered Medications for Use in the Emergency Department
Table of agents, uses, dosing, onset
Emergency Department Table ... agents, uses, dosing ... and major side effects ... #Comparison #Table ... #Pharmacology #
Sedative-Hypnotic Drugs
Benzodiazepines:
 - Bind to specific GABAA receptor subunits at central nervous system (CNS) neuronal synapses
Dose-dependent depressant effects ... Dose-dependent depressant effects ... with few amnestic effects ... of anxiolytic effects ... #pharmacology #