12 results
DPP-4 Inhibitors - Pharmacology Summary
Mechanisms of Action: Inhibits DPP-4 (dipeptidyl peptidase 4), which normally inactivates GLP-1
- Pharmacology ... GLP-I receptor agonist ... failure Common Side Effects ... #Inhibitors #Pharmacology ... DM2 #diabetes #endocrinology
Mechanism of Action for Common Diabetes Medications

 • SGLT2i (Dapagliflozin)
 • TZD (Pioglitazone)
 • Biguanides (Metformin)
GLP-1 Receptor Agonists ... • DPP4i / Gliptins ... #Medications #pharmacology ... pathophysiology #endocrinology
Clinical Effects of Large and Small Pituitary Tumours
Local complications - Headache, Visual field defect, Disconnection hyperprolactinaemia,
Clinical Effects ... Large and Small Pituitary ... , Visual field defect ... #Tumors #Signs ... Symptoms #Diagnosis #Endocrinology
DPP4 Inhibitors - Normal and Renal Dosing

Increase Incretins (GLP-I & GIP) -> Stimulates Insulin, Inhibits Glucagon
DPP4 Inhibitors ... titrate up to effects ... only few side effects ... Renal #Dosing #Pharmacology ... Diabetes #DM2 #Endocrinology
GLP-1 Agonists

Adlyxin (Lixisenatide) Daily
Bydureon (Exenatide ER) Weekly 
Ozempic (Semaglutide) Weekly 
Trulicity (Dulaglutide) Weekly 
Victoza (Liraglutide) Daily
GLP-1 Agonists ... Common side effects ... very similar to DPP4s ... #Pharmacology #Dosing ... Diabetes #DM2 #Endocrinology
Pituitary Mass Effects - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Pituitary turnors are almost always a benign
Pituitary Mass Effects ... Pituitary adenomas ... • For pituitary ... Signs / Symptoms ... #SideEffects #endocrinology
Approach to Thyroid Function Tests in the Evaluation of Hyperthyroidism
 • Low TSH, Low normal T4
, and dopamine agonists ... Hyperthyroidism → Signs ... Hyperthyroidism → MRI Pituitary ... algorithm #diagnosis #endocrinology
GLP-1 Receptor Agonists - Pharmacology Summary
Mechanisms of Action: Stimulate glucose-dependent insulin release from the pancreas (GLP-1
GLP-1 Receptor Agonists ... - Pharmacology ... GLP1 #Receptor #Agonists ... #Pharmacology # ... DM2 #diabetes #endocrinology
Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia - 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency - Signs and Symptoms
 • Brain: Androgenization effects, Glucocorticoid effects,
Hydroxylase Deficiency - Signs ... Glucocorticoid effects ... • Hypothalamic–Pituitary ... Hydroxylase #Deficiency #Signs ... Symptoms #diagnosis #endocrinology
Rybelsus (oral semaglutide) - First Oral GLP-1 Agonist
Dosing:
3 mg daily x 30 days, then 7 mg
First Oral GLP-1 Agonist ... only) oral GLP1 agonist ... empagliflozin and DPP4 ... semaglutide #Diabetes #Pharmacology ... #Endocrinology