13 results
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Once pseudohypokalemia is ruled out, causes of hypokalemia can be
Causes of Hypokalemia ... is ruled out, causes ... filling of bucket (low ... #Causes #workup ... #nephrology
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Excessive GI losses ... - Genetic defects ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... Magnesium #Table #Classification ... #Causes #Workup
Causes of Nephrolithiasis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Radio-opaque - Calcium-containing - 90% of stones
Radiolucent - Non-calcium 10%
Causes of Nephrolithiasis ... solubility: • Low ... Hypocitraturia • RTA Type ... Nephrolithiasis #Nephrology ... #Causes
Causes of Non-Gap Metabolic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Anion Gap (<14) (Loss of Bicarbonate) -
Causes of Non-Gap ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Cell Problem - Low ... MetabolicAcidosis #NonGap #Nephrology ... #Causes
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
Causes of Lactate ... The most common causes ... - Many other causes ... Causes of elevated ... Causes of Lactate
Antiarrhythmics - Vaughan Williams Classification:
CLASS 1 - Sodium Channel Blockers:
 • MOA: Block fast Na+ channels
Vaughan Williams Classification ... channel blocking effects ... of phase 4 to slow ... #Pharmacology #Classification ... #Classes #pathophysiology
Antiarrhythmics Pharmacology Summary
Cardiac Conduction Phases:
Phase 0 - Ventricular Depolarization:
 • Na+ channels open leading to a
open leading to slow ... Vaughan Williams Classification ... channel blocking effects ... #Pharmacology #Classification ... #Classes #pathophysiology
Hepatorenal Syndrome (HRS)

Definition:
• Functional, potentially reversible kidney impairment.
• Occurs in advanced liver disease: cirrhosis, severe alcoholic
Pathophysiology: ... Exclude other AKI causes ... Classification: ... essential in all cases ... Syndrome #Hepatology #Nephrology
Recommended initial testing for patients being evaluated for glomerular disease 

24-hour urine collection - Quantify proteinuria.
in monitoring low-level ... infections are common causes ... cryoglobulinemias (types ... glomerular #testing #workup ... nephrotic #nephritic #nephrology
Recommended initial testing for patients being evaluated for glomerular disease
1) 24-hour urine collection - Quantify proteinuria.
in monitoring low-level ... infections are common causes ... cryoglobulinemias (types ... glomerular #disease #workup ... initial #testing #nephrology