449 results
Hemolytic Anemias - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Signs of anemia and hemolysis:
 • ↓ Haptoglobin
 • ↑ LDH
Hemolytic Anemias ... Algorithm Signs of anemia ... Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemias ... defects, Enzyme deficiencies ... #Hemolytic #Anemias
Reticulocyte Production Index = (Retic %) x (Hct / 45) / Maturation Factor
The maturation factor is
particular degree of anemia ... Index < 2: • Anemia ... inflammation • Nutrient deficiencies ... Folate • Hormone deficiencies ... failure: Aplastic anemia
Micronutrient Deficiencies After Gastric Bypass
Fat-Soluble Vitamins:
 • Vitamin A - Night/complete blindness, xeropthalmia (pathologic dryness of
Micronutrient Deficiencies ... Folate - Macrocytic anemia ... B12 - Macrocytic anemia ... Minerals: • Iron - Anemia ... uw_IMresidency #nutrient #Deficiencies
Causes of Neutropenia with Pancytopenia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Sequestration:
 • Splenomegaly
Marrow Infiltration:
 • Hematologic and non-hematologic
Toxins • Aplastic Anemia ... folate/combined deficiencies
Pancytopenia - Differential Diagnosis

Congenital Diseases:
• GATA2 deficiency
• Fanconi’s anemia
• Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
• Ribosomopathy or telomeropathy

Cancer:
• Leukemia
• Lymphoma

Inflammatory
deficiency • Fanconi’s anemia ... Nutritional Deficiencies
Differential Diagnosis for Hemolytic Anemia
Intrinsic Causes:
 • Enzyme deficiencies ex. G6PD, pyruvate kinase 
 • Hemoglobinopathies
for Hemolytic Anemia ... Causes: • Enzyme deficiencies ... #Hemolytic #Anemia
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia ... Defects: Enzyme deficiencies ... diagnosis #hematology #anemia
Causes of Thrombocytopenia and Platelet Disorders - Differential Diagnosis and Workup
History:
 - Prior platelet count, family
cause nutrient deficienies ... changes), high MCV anemia
Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Type A: Impaired O2 Delivery (DO2)
 • Decreased O2 Delivery: Hypotension
Shock, Severe Anemia ... lactic acidosis, Deficiencies
Scurvy (Vitamin C Deficiency) - Diagnosis and Management

Vitamin C is required for hydroxylation of proline residues
breath, wasting, anemia ... Loss of teeth Anemia ... iron and folate deficiencies