1667 results
Pathophysiology of Iron Deficiency in CKD

Dr. Muner Mohamed @MunerMohamed1

#Iron #Deficiency #CKD #Pathophysiology #nephrology
Pathophysiology of Iron Deficiency ... MunerMohamed1 #Iron #Deficiency ... Pathophysiology #nephrology
Hypophosphatemia Diagnostic Algorithm
- GI Losses
- Redistribution
- 1° HPT
- 1° Renal PO4 wasting: Hereditary, TIO, Fanconi Syndrome,
glucose - Vitamin D Deficiency ... #differential #nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Mineral corticoid deficiency ... , Salt-losing deficiency ... Glucocorticoid deficiency ... Algorithm #Causes #nephrology
Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA) 
Type 1 - Failure of secretion
Type 2 - Bicarbonate wasting
Type 4 -
carbonic anhydrase II deficiency ... classification #nephrology
Hypocalcemia Workup - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Low Magnesium, High Magnesium - Functional Hypoparathyroidism
 • High
resistance, Vitamin D deficiency ... Phosphate - Vitamin D deficiency ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Hyponatremia Diagnosis Algorithm
UOsm ≥ POsm - Vasopressin-Dependent
 • UNa < 20 mEq/L - Appropriate (↓ EABV)
SIADH, Cortisol deficiency ... algorithm #causes #nephrology
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Appropriately Low Kidney Phosphate Excretion:
 • Decreased GI Absorption: Chronic Diarrhea, Antacids,
Binders, Vitamin D Deficiency ... Vitamin D: Vit D Deficiency ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia
Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
Niacin, Vitamin D deficiency ... hyperparathyroidism, Vitamin D deficiency ... Workup #phosphate #nephrology
Urine Specific Gravity - Interpretation
Specific Gravity = Density of urine / Density of water
SG close to
Diabetes insipidus (deficiency ... #differential #nephrology
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
11beta-hydroxylase deficiency ... 17alpha-hydroxylase deficiency ... diuretics, Mg2+ deficiency ... algorithm #diagnosis #nephrology