39 results
Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertension - BP > 140/90 (>130/80 for DM)
Hypertensive urgency
Secondary Causes ... Algorithm Hypertension ... multi-drug resistance) Renal ... Unilateral RAS Metabolic ... #Algorithm #Causes
Primary and Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary (Essential) (95%) - Onset between age
Algorithm Primary ... Medications - Renal ... • Renal parenchymal ... and bilateral renal ... excess (Cushing syndrome
Evaluation of Secondary Hypertension
 • Primary aldosteronism - PRA, PAC
 • Renal artery stenosis - Renal
Evaluation of Secondary ... Hypertension • ... - PRA, PAC • Renal ... artery stenosis - Renal ... Evaluation #workup #diagnosis
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Extra-renal ... Low intake • Metabolic ... loss (Diarrhea) Renal ... Losses: • Metabolic
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Defining ... the existence of hypertension ... gastrointestinal K loss • Renal ... hypokalemia • Renal
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI Losses - Gastric
 • Vomiting
 • NG suction
GI
Causes of Metabolic ... Algorithm GI Losses ... Chloridorrhea Renal ... • Penicillins Renal ... Licorice • Liddle's Syndrome
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Causes of Secondary ... hypokalemia and metabolic ... eg, presence of renal ... • Vascular: Renal ... Renal parenchymal
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Primary Metabolic ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Volume ... hyperaldosteronism • High PRA: Renal ... #Primary #Metabolic
Secondary causes of Hypertension
 • Medications, Drugs, Chemo: NSAIDS, Steroids, CNI, Alcohol, Cocaine, OCP, Licorice, MAOI,
Secondary causes ... of Hypertension ... Pseudoephedrine • Primary Renal ... #causes #Hypertension ... #differential #diagnosis
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
- Differential Diagnosis ... UNa > 20: • Renal ... Bicarbonaturia with renal ... tubal acidosis and metabolic ... Acute or chronic renal