22 results
Causes of Dizziness - Vertigo - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
True Vertigo - Illusion of Rotary Movement
Peripheral Vestibular
Causes of Dizziness ... unidirectonal nystagmus ... • Meniere's Disease ... Bone Fracture Central ... symptoms/signs,
Parinaud's syndrome
What?
 • Light-near dissociation (tectal pupils)
 • Convergence retraction nystagmus
 • Eyelid retraction (Collier's sign)
Parinaud's syndrome ... dissociation (tectal ... Convergence retraction nystagmus ... • Vascular disease ... #neurology #diagnosis
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Immune mediated injury ... basement membrane disease ... hematuria • Signs ... of glomerular disease ... Renal Causes
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... osmolarity If cause ... clinical context and signs ... syndrome: troponin ... #causes
Common causes of Acute Kidney Injury AKI - Differential Diagnosis
HEMODYNAMIC
 • Cardiac failure: Impaired forward flow,
Common causes of ... Acute Kidney Injury ... inhibitors, hepatorenal syndrome ... • Primary GNs: Disease ... Acute Tubular Injury
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
Behçet's Syndrome ... to local skin injury ... ) • Neurologic ... inhibitors • Uveitis- Ophthalmology ... diagnosis #management #signs
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
hypertension and signs ... or acute kidney injury ... bruit or signs ... disease: CKD, acute ... Neurologic disorders
Characteristics of Peripheral and Central Vertigo
PERIPHERAL VERTIGO
 • Onset: Sudden
 • Intensity: Severe initially, often decreasing
vestibular neuritis • Nystagmus ... tinnitus (Méniére's disease ... with vascular causes ... diagnosis #findings #signs ... symptoms #comparison #neurology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Management Summary Causes ... - Compartment syndrome ... of underlying disease ... Diagnosis #Management #causes ... #treatment #nephrology
Causes of Apparent Life Threatening Event (ALTE) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cardiac:
 • Congenital Heart Disease
 •
Causes of Apparent ... Congenital Heart Disease ... Metabolism • Reye's Syndrome ... Disturbances Neurologic ... Choking Spell Injury