153 results
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
tubule (DCT) Clinical ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... Renal tubular acidosis ... #diagnosis #nephrology ... #management #pathophysiology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... acidosis: Gl tract ... acidosis: Proximal ... potassium #low #nephrology
“H’s & T’s“ - The reversible causes of Cardiac Arrest 
Hypovolemia, Hypoxia/Hypoxemia, Hydrogen Ion Excess (Acidosis),
Hydrogen Ion Excess (Acidosis ... ), Hypokalemia/Hyperkalemia ... #HsTs #acls #differential ... #diagnosis #arrest ... #management
Causes of HyperKalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Increased extracellular K+:
 • Tissue injury
 • Hemolysis
 • Rhabdomyolysis
 •
- Differential ... Diagnosis Increased ... • Tumor lysis syndrome ... • Metabolic acidosis ... blockers - MCW Nephrology
Urine Electrolyte Interpretation - AKI, Hyponatremia, Hypokalemia and Non-Gap Metabolic Acidosis

#Urine #Electrolytes #Interpretation #ULytes #AKI #FENa
Hyponatremia, Hypokalemia ... and Non-Gap Metabolic ... Acidosis #Urine ... #FENa #FEUrea #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Low intake 
• poor oral intake 

Renal loss 
• Medication 
• Hypomagnesemia 
•
Hypokalemia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Renal tubular acidosis ... • Bartter's syndrome ... #Differential #
Acid-Base Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

 • Respiratory Acidosis
 • Respiratory Alkalosis
 • Metabolic Acidosis
 •
Diagnosis Framework ... AcidosisMetabolic ... Base #Disorders #nephrology ... #differential # ... diagnosis #acidosis
High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis - GOLDMARK

Glycols - ethylene and propylene glycol
Oxoproline
Acidosis (HAGMA ... ) - Differential ... Diagnosis - GOLDMARK ... with short bowel syndrome ... #mnemonic #nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hypovolemia, UNa ... with renal tubal acidosis ... and metabolic alkalosis ... #Causes #nephrology
Unmeasured Anions Associated with an Elevated Anion Gap and Metabolic Acidosis

#Unmeasured #Anions #Gap #Metabolic #Acidosis #Diagnosis
Anion Gap and Metabolic ... Acidosis #Unmeasured ... #Acidosis #Diagnosis ... #Nephrology #Table ... #Differential #