51 results
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
Hyponatremia - Differential ... cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome ... , CNS Disease, Meds ... Glucocorticoid Deficiency ... #nephrology #sodium
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Cardiac failure #Hyponatremia ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... Algorithm #Causes #nephrology
BEE Syndromes - Immune-mediated conditions affecting the brain, eye, and ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in conjunction
Visual or auditory symptoms ... conjunction with symptoms ... important, as early diagnosis ... #neurology #inflammatory ... #differential #diagnosis
Hyponatremia Correction
1. Indications for Hypertonic Saline: seizure, coma, focal findings
   - typically occurs with
Hyponatremia Correction ... 100-110 - Symptoms ... Demyelination Syndrome ... Correction #goal #rate #management ... #nephrology
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4
 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses
 •
Based Approach to Hyponatremia ... Glucocorticoid deficiency ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... #algorithm #diagnosis ... #sodium #low #nephrology
Wernicke Encephalopathy - Acute B1 (Thiamine) Deficiency - Diagnosis and Management
Diagnosis - Caine Criteria (2 of
Management Diagnosis ... treatment can improve symptoms ... development of Korsakoff syndrome ... #Diagnosis #Management ... #neurology #nutrition
Korsakoff Syndrome
Clinical Findings:
 • Confabulation: Usually initial phase of the disease
 • Anterograde amnesia: Memory impairment
Korsakoff Syndrome ... initial phase of the disease ... presentation of Thiamine deficiency ... Therefore, Korsakoff Syndrome ... #neurology #diagnosis
Causes of Neuromuscular Weakness
 • Spinal Cord: Demyelinating Disease (MS), Epidural abscess, Infarction, Syringomyelia, Tetanus, Transverse
Demyelinating Disease ... Guillain-Barre syndrome ... : Acid maltase deficiency ... #differential #diagnosis ... #neurology
Etiologies of Peripheral Neuropathy
 • Metabolic / Nutritional: DiabetesB12 deficiency, Uremia/ESRD, Hypothyroidism
 • Medication-induced: ART, Antibiotics,
Nutritional: DiabetesB12 deficiency ... Syphilis, Lyme disease ... Paraprotein-associated (POEMS syndrome ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #neurology
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis ... demyelination syndrome ... vaptans (HF/liver disease ... #Treatment #management ... #nephrology #sodium