12 results
causes algorithm hyperkalemia low management alkalosis aniongap gitelman hypertension indications nongap pathophysiology pharmacology renal rhabdomyolysis secondary treatment urinary urine workup
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis • Kidney loss of Cl-
loop or thiazide diuretics ... pressure: Active diuretic ... use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Extra-renal Losses: • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Loop and thiazide diuretics ... , Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrom ... #low #nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Renal losses, Diuretic ... Ketonuria, Osmotic diuresis ... Stress, Drugs, Syndrome ... • Nephrotic syndrome ... #Causes #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide) • Glaucoma • Epilepsy • Altitude
disequilibrium syndrome ... ; High-Ceiling Diuretics ... and nephrotic syndrome ... and nephrotic syndrome ... #Diuresis #Nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
↓ Aldosterone: Syndrome ... Alkalosis: Emesis, Diuretics ... , Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... potassium #nephrology
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis: • Lactic acidosis
Potassium-sparing ... diuretics (amiloride ... #Acidosis #differential ... #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview What? • Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter • Gitelman's syndrome
Gitelman Syndrome ... with thiazide diuretic ... Surreptitious diuretic ... Renal tubular acidosis ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
• K sparing diuretics ... - Tumor lysis syndrome ... acidosis - Hyperkalemia ... #potassium #high ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
• K sparing diuretics ... - Tumor lysis syndrome ... acidosis - Hyperkalemia ... #potassium #high ... #nephrology
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework • Cellular Shift: - Exercise
Exercise - Metabolic ... Acidosis - ... Decreased Urinary Excretion ... Aldosterone: K sparring diuretics ... #potassium #high
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