18 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Aldosterone: Liddle's Syndrome ... SAME, Cushing Syndrome ... , Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrom ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
↓ Aldosterone: Syndrome ... excess, Liddle's syndrome ... , Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... #nephrology #low
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
- Compartment syndrome ... Neuroleptic malignant syndrome ... or compartment syndrome ... Cast formation: ... #treatment #nephrology
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
Aldosterone: Cushing syndrome ... excess, Liddle syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... #urine #potassium ... #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... the indicated causes ... of sodium and potassium ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in Patients with Cancer 

Cancer Related 
• Hypercalcemia 
• Intravenous contrast 
•
Light chain (LC) cast ... sinusoidal obstructive syndrome ... Capillary leak syndrome ... • Tumor lysis syndrome ... Classification #Nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary

Trauma:
 • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury
Exertional:
 •
iniury, Compartment syndrome ... , Heat stroke, Metabolic ... Neuroleptic malignant syndrome ... Cast formation: ... Monitor potassium
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... Severe Cushing syndrome ... Congenital AME syndrome ... ) • Gitelman syndrome ... #Causes #nephrology
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and ... heme-granular casts ... Fatty - Nephrotic syndrome ... edgarvlermamd - Nephrology ... #Nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
disequilibrium syndrome ... and nephrotic syndrome ... and nephrotic syndrome ... disease • Liddle syndrome ... #Nephrology #Pharmacology