Diagnosis table neurology physicalexam syndrome low nephrology algorithm potassium sodium chloride phosphorus urinary phosphate hypophosphatemia differential management causes

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Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Appropriately Low Kidney Phosphate Excretion:
• Decreased GI Absorption: Chronic Diarrhea, Antacids,

Hypophosphatemia ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Appropriately Low ... Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology #phosphorus

Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia
Measure Urine Fractional Excretion

- Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... absorption (Antacids, Phosphorus ... #Differential # ... #nephrology

Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
• Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
• Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract

Diagnosis Algorithm ... secreting tumor, Primary ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology

Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
• Kidney loss of Cl-

Chloride Algorithm ... alkalosis • Normal/low ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential # ... diagnosis

Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
• High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
• High Al, High

Diagnosis Algorithm ... R - Primary aldosteronism ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology #causes ... #low #potassium

Causes of Hypomagnesemia
• Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,

osmotic diuresis, Potassium ... depletion, Phosphorus ... #differential # ... diagnosis #nephrology ... #magnesium #low

Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked

mEq/g suggests urinary ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis ... #Algorithm #differential ... #potassium #nephrology ... #low

Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the

normal volume-based algorithm ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... #Hyponatremia #differential ... #diagnosis #table ... #sodium #nephrology

Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome

thiazide-sensitive sodium ... alkalosis • Normal or low ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... #diagnosis #nephrology ... #management #pathophysiology

Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
• Trauma:
- Immobilization
- Crush injury
- Compartment

and Management ... Hyperkalemia • Hyperphosphatemia ... Monitor potassium ... #Diagnosis #Management ... #nephrology

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