54 results
Differentiation Between Nephrotic Syndrome and Nephritic Syndrome 
== Nephrotic Syndrome ==
Onset - Insidious 
Edema - ++++
Blood
cell casts - Absent ... cell casts - Present ... edgarvlermamd - Nephrology ... Syndrome #Nephritic #Comparison ... #Table #Nephrology
Comparison of Causes of Salt-Wasting in Infancy
 - PHA 1
 - PHA 3
 - 21-OH CAH
Comparison of Causes ... Wasting #Infancy #Comparison ... #Causes #differential ... diagnosis #pediatrics #nephrology
Intracerebral hemorrhages (ICH) - Subdural, Epidural, Subarachnoid Comparison

Subdural hematoma 
• Crescent-shaped 
• Blood collection between dura
, Subarachnoid Comparison ... Crescent-shaped • Blood ... lens) shaped • Blood ... #Subarachnoid #Comparison ... #Neurology #Diagnosis
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
urine • 1ml blood ... disease Renal Causes ... urinary tract) Causes ... #urology #nephrology ... #renal #urine #blood
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
hematuria (RBC casts ... Nephrotic #Syndrome #Comparison ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and ... disease Red blood ... Glomerulonephritis White blood ... edgarvlermamd - Nephrology ... Microscopy #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
proteinuria, RBC casts ... → Refer to Nephrology ... cystoscopy • Refer to Nephrology ... if cause not identified ... Workup #urology #blood
Stage I - Redistribution
In a normal chest film with the patient standing erect, the pulmonary vessels
non-perfused vessels and causes ... redistribution of pulmonary blood ... equalisation of blood ... equalisation of blood ... In these cases comparison
Causes of HyperKalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Increased extracellular K+:
 • Tissue injury
 • Hemolysis
 • Rhabdomyolysis
 •
Causes of HyperKalemia ... dietary intake • Blood ... blockers - MCW Nephrology ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Investigations: full blood ... osmolarity If cause ... screen, including blood ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes