119 results
Liver Function Tests (LFTs) - Normal Values and Interpretation

Alanine aminotransferase (ALT/SGPT) - Liver, cardiac & skeletal
skeletal muscle, kidneys ... skeletal muscle, kidney ... bone, placenta, kidney ... DBili) - Biliary obstruction ... Interpretation #diagnosis
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Pre-Renal:
 • Hypovolemia, Cardiorenal, Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia, Renal
Acute Kidney Injury ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Artery Stenosis, Abdominal ... Post-Renal: • Obstruction ... #nephrology #causes
Acute Kidney Injury - Classification
Prerenal:
 • Dehydration
 • Heart failure (a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome)
 • Liver failure
Acute Kidney Injury ... cardiorenal syndrome) • Liver ... tubular necrosis (causes ... #AKI #Acute #Kidney ... Classification #diagnosis
Liver Chemistries - Interpretation of LFTs

R-value: Serum (ALT/ULN ALT) / (Alk phos/ULN ALP)
 • R >
Cholestasis / Obstructive ... - elevation Obstruction ... cardiac muscle, RBC, Kidney ... Cardiac muscle, Kidneys ... #chemistry #diagnosis
Acute Kidney Injury - Differential Diagnosis Framework
PRERENAL:
 - Intrarenal vasoconstriction-hemodynamically mediated
 - Systemic vasodilation
 - Volume
Acute Kidney Injury ... treating underlying cause ... POSTRENAL: - Obstruction ... Manaqement: Relief of obstruction ... appropriate) #Acute #Kidney
Causes of Severe Acute Liver Injury
 - Ichemic hepatitis
 - Acute biliary obstruction
 - Drug-Induced liver
Causes of Severe ... Acute Liver Injury ... Acute biliary obstruction ... - Drug-Induced liver ... Differential #Hepatology #Diagnosis
Causes of Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis
Hepatocellular - Liver Parenchyma
 • Infectious: Hepatitis C, A,
Causes of Acute ... Diagnosis Hepatocellular ... Acute biliary obstruction ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Causes #Acute
Causes of Portal Hypertension According to Site of Vascular Obstruction
1) Prehepatic pre-sinusoidal: Portal vein thrombosis due
Causes of Portal ... Site of Vascular Obstruction ... to cirrhosis, Abdominal ... Cirrhosis, Polycystic liver ... #differential #diagnosis
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
Approach to Acute Kidney ... volume, Urinary obstruction ... you confirmed diagnosis ... CONSIDER INTRINSIC CAUSES ... simplified #workup #diagnosis
Causes of Chronic Kidney Disease - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased kidney function (eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2)
Causes of Chronic ... Kidney Disease ... - Differential Diagnosis ... hypoperfusion Post-Renal (Obstruction ... #Differential #Diagnosis