20 results
Vision Loss - Differential Diagnosis
Chronic: 
  - Cornea: Scarring, Edema
  - Lens: Cataracts
- Differential Diagnosis ... Chronic: - Cornea ... Cataracts - Macula: Macular ... Painless: Lens Dislocation ... #causes #ophthalmology
Blurry Vision - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Anatomical Approach to Eye Disease:
1. Lids/Lashes
2. Extraocular Muscles/Motility
3. Conjunctiva/Sclera
4. Cornea
5. Anterior
- Differential Diagnosis ... Ocular Adverse Effects ... edema • Lens dislocation ... #ophthalmology ... #causes
Diplopia - Double Vision - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical Pearls:
 • Diplopia is almost always binocular.
 •
Neurologic ... symptoms suggest ... Cataract/Lens Dislocation ... Functional • Corneal ... #Ophthalmology
Localizing Extraocular Movement Disorders
 • CN Ill (Oculomotor) Nerve Palsy 
 • CN IV (Trochlear) Nerve
One-and-a-half Syndrome ... Skew Deviation Casey ... #Localization #ophthalmology ... #neurology #differential ... #diagnosis #ocular
All About Horner's Syndrome

Horner's syndrome, known as 
"oculosympathetic paresis" by people 
who don't have friends, is
have friends, is caused ... in 1855 by Ed Horner ... and discovered a syndrome ... #Overview #Ophthalmology ... #Diagnosis #Neurology
Upper Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Motor Function
Shoulder:
 • Abduction - C5,C6 (axillary)
 • Adduction - C6, C7,
"claw hand" ± Horner ... Syndrome Wrist ... Anterior Shoulder Dislocation ... Dermatomes #Myotomes #diagnosis ... #neurology #sensory
Adie's Pupil
What? Unknown nature & benign
 • Regular and mildly dilated pupil (4-6mm);
 • Light-near dissociaton;
Holmes-Adie Syndrome ... no light-near dissociation ... • Other causes ... #PhysicalExam #neurology ... #ophthalmology
Red Eye - Differential Diagnosis Framework

What?
Redness in the eye can be caused by many conditions and
- Differential Diagnosis ... Episcleritis Ocular ... Unilateral or bilateral symptoms ... Conjunctivitis #ocular ... #ophthalmology
Ptosis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Ptosis (Greek- to fall) Drooping of the upper eyelid that usually results
- Differential Diagnosis ... Neurogenic Ptosis - Neurologic ... nerve palsy • Horner ... #Ptosis #neurology ... #ophthalmology
Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) - Clinical Manifestations
 • Optic neuritis: Reduced visual acuity, ranging from mild to
desaturation, Scotoma, Ocular ... involvement: Intractable nausea ... Other brainstem syndromes ... Manifestations #diagnosis ... #neurology #symptoms