31 results
Adie's Pupil
What? Unknown nature & benign
 • Regular and mildly dilated pupil (4-6mm);
 • Light-near dissociaton;
• Light-near dissociaton ... Holmes-Adie Syndrome ... females Differential Diagnosis ... • Other causes ... #Adies #Pupil #PhysicalExam
Peri-operative Hyperthermia - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
If prolonged or ≥ 39 C this is a
maintained fever CAUSES ... brain injury By Association ... #Differential #Causes ... #Anesthesiology ... Anesthesia #Checklist #Diagnosis
Causes of Knee Effusions - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Knee Effusion Red Flags:
1. Fever/Chills/Joint pain/Night sweats/Weight loss
	- DDX:
		-
Causes of Knee Effusions ... - Differential Diagnosis ... fracture - Patellar dislocation ... Knee #Effusions #causes ... #msk #physicalexam
Upper Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Motor Function
Shoulder:
 • Abduction - C5,C6 (axillary)
 • Adduction - C6, C7,
hand" ± Horner Syndrome ... Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ... Anterior Shoulder Dislocation ... Dermatomes #Myotomes #diagnosis ... sensory #motor #arm #physicalexam
Vascular Joint Pain - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm 
 - Constant Pain (Ischemia)
 - Acute Onset
 -
- Differential Diagnosis ... Trauma to Vessel (dislocation ... Marfan's Syndrome ... Vascular #JointPain #MSK ... #Orthopedics #Causes
Leg Pain - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Bone/Joint Causes of Leg Pain:
 • Fracture
 • Arthritis
 • Gout/pseudogout
- Differential Diagnosis ... Bone/Joint Causes ... #differential #diagnosis ... lower #extremity #msk ... #physicalexam
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Cauda Equina Syndrome ... Causes: • Large ... #CaudaEquina #Syndrome ... #MSK #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #symptoms
Trendelenburg Gait: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Skeletal Pathology of the Hip
 • Arthritis
 • Congenital hip dysplasia
Fracture • Hip dislocation ... Trendelenburg #Gait #pathophysiology ... #causes #symptoms ... #signs #diagnosis ... #msk
Widened Pulse Pressure - Differential Diagnosis and Pathophysiology

Pulse pressure is the difference between the systolic blood
- Differential Diagnosis ... and Pathophysiology ... significantly positive association ... Acute Coronary Syndrome ... #Pathophysiology
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology ... high WBC count cause ... : • Pathophysiology ... #TLS #diagnosis ... #management #hematology