3251 results
Treatment of hyperkalemia via kaliuresis 
step 1 = volume resuscitation if hypovolemic
step 2 = consider fludrocortisone
step
fludrocortisone step 3 = diuretic ... determine response to diuretic ... criticalcare #treatment #diuretics ... #diuresis #nephrology ... #algorithm
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Renal losses, Diuretic ... Ketonuria, Osmotic diuresis ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Diagnosis Workup Algorithm ... • Hypovolemic: Diuretics ... osmotic (solute) diuresis ... Diagnosis #Workup #Algorithm ... #nephrology #sodium
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Low Cl intake, Diuretics ... High Urine Cl-: Diuretics ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology
Algorithm for Management of Acute and Chronic Hyperkalemia
Acute Hyperkalemia:
 - IV calcium (10 mL of 10%)
Algorithm for Management ... ) - Effective diuretic ... therapy (loop diuretics ... #Hyperkalemia #Algorithm ... Chronic #treatment #nephrology
Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Urine Output > 3L /day
Water Diuresis (Urine Osm <100 mOsm/kg)
 • Primary
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... 3L /day Water Diuresis ... Insipidus Mixed Diuresis ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Low Cl intake, Diuretics ... High Urine Cl-: Diuretics ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Nephrology #Causes
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Discontinued diuretic ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology #low
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm ... Diuretics (discontinued ... #Differential #Algorithm ... Causes #Workup #Nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Loop and thiazide diuretics ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... potassium #low #nephrology