28 results
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Excessive GI losses ... Loop and thiazide diuretics ... renal tubular dysfunction ... Magnesium #Table #Classification ... #Causes #Workup
Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Urine Output > 3L /day
Water Diuresis (Urine Osm <100 mOsm/kg)
 • Primary
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... 3L /day Water Diuresis ... Water and solute loading ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Low intake 
• poor oral intake 

Renal loss 
• Medication 
• Hypomagnesemia 
•
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hypomagnesemia • Osmotic diuresis ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #Classification
Tinnitus - Subjective (heard only by patient) - 90% - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unilateral On Audiogram -
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Metabolic Causes ... : Thyroid Dysfunction ... Levodopa, Loop Diuretics ... #Causes
Hepatorenal Syndrome (HRS)

Definition:
• Functional, potentially reversible kidney impairment.
• Occurs in advanced liver disease: cirrhosis, severe alcoholic
Caused by splanchnic ... Pathophysiology: ... Exclude other AKI causes ... Classification: ... essential in all cases
Hyperkalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
R/O Pseudo-hyperkalemia:
 • Possible Lab error! Alwavs Repeat Blood sample!
 • Leukocytosis, Thrombocytosis:
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... tourniquet while drawing ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #potassium ... #high #pathophysiology
Male Sexual and Erectile Dysfunction - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Erectile Dysfunction
 - Psychological
    •
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Erectile Dysfunction ... Anti-depressants • Diuretics ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... endocrinology #causes
Lymphomas and Lymphoproliferative Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hodgkin Lymphoma ~40% - Characteristic For Reed-Sternberg (RS) Cells
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... are present • Classic ... Lymphoproliferative #Disorders #Classification ... #pathophysiology ... #differential #algorithm
Hepatic Encephalopathy - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Definition:
 • Alteration in brain function manifested by neuropsychiatric symptoms
rule out other causes ... , GI bleeding, Diuretic ... can be used in cases ... Encephalopathy #Grading ... #Classification
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... RENAL LOSS: - Diuresis ... gastrointestinal osmotic gradient ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Pathophysiology