10 results
Guide to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)

What to ask/look for: 
 - HPI, PMH, full ROS
) What to ask ... /Cr - Renal/bladder ... rhabdo/TLS) Causes ... pre-renal) - Urinary ... Atheroemboli — 1% #AcuteKidneyInjury
Common causes of Acute Kidney Injury AKI - Differential Diagnosis
HEMODYNAMIC
 • Cardiac failure: Impaired forward flow,
Common causes of ... Kidney Injury AKI ... OBSTRUCTIVE • Urinary ... bladder tumors ... #causes #Acute
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
clots ➔ Lower Urinary ... • Cystitis • Bladder ... decompression • Diverticulum ... Urethritis • Urethral diverticulum ... Upper and Lower urinary
Increased Urinary Frequency - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Non-increased urine volume (<2mL/min), Rule out polyuria
Extrinsic to Urinary Tract:
Vulvovaginitis • Bladder ... Small Volume Bladder ... • Overactive Bladder ... • Diabetes • MS ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Acute Kidney Injury - Classification
Prerenal:
 • Dehydration
 • Heart failure (a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome)
 • Liver failure
tubular necrosis (causes ... prolonged prerenal AKI ... • Neurogenic bladder ... • Urinary tract ... EricsMedicalLectures/ #AKI
Mixed Urinary Incontinence: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Urgency Urinary Incontinence (UUI) -> Urinary leakage preceded by a
Overfilling of the bladder ... BPH, urethral or bladder ... mellitus -> Bladder ... SUI or UUI not caused ... Incontinence #Mixed #Pathophysiology
Lower Urinary Tract Infections: Complications
 - Infection damages the urinary tract epithelium causing fibroblast proliferation and
Lower Urinary Tract ... deposition -> Urinary ... extends above the bladder ... urea which may cause ... UrinaryTractInfection #LUTI #Pathophysiology
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Equina Syndrome Causes ... reflexes) • Urinary ... • As soon as bladder ... CaudaEquina #Syndrome #MSK ... #pathophysiology
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
, and bowel or bladder ... 10-33% develop MS ... monophasic Pathophysiology ... Autonomic: Bowel/Bladder ... • Infectious causes
Adhesive Capsulitis (Frozen Shoulder) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

 • Primary (Idiopathic): Unknown etiology, but associated
Findings • Primary ... a stroke that caused ... FrozenShoulder #pathophysiology ... stages #staging #msk