13 results
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
Depressive symptoms • Movement ... show symmetric bilateral ... syndrome of HAD ... disorder #dementia #AIDS ... #Neurology
Major neurocognitive disorders (MNCD): Diagnosis and workup 

1) Clinical diagnosis Cognitive impairment + loss of autonomy
2)
workup 1) Clinical ... hydrocephalus, HIV ... MRI, iADL scale, ... Aphaso-apraxo-agnosia syndrome ... hallucinations - Movement
Blurry Vision - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Anatomical Approach to Eye Disease:
1. Lids/Lashes
2. Extraocular Muscles/Motility
3. Conjunctiva/Sclera
4. Cornea
5. Anterior
Blurry Vision - Differential ... or without eye movement ... optic disk • HIV ... /AIDS or other immunosuppressive ... ophthalmology #causes
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
- Emergency Causes ... cord infarct • HIV ... Imaging studies: • MRI ... #differential # ... #neurology
BEE Syndromes - Non-inflammatory Causes

Immune-mediated conditions affecting the Brain, Eye, and Ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in
Non-inflammatory Causes ... pachymeningitis • HIV ... neuropathy (LHON) plus MRI ... lesions and clinical ... #differential #
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes

Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
syphilis, and HIV ... involved - Bilateral ... (more commonly bilateral ... #lesions #differential ... #diagnosis #neurology
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
/ AIDS - Differential ... should be based on clinical ... • Suspect in movement ... Imaging: - MRI ... #diagnosis #AIDS
Guillain-Barre Syndrome - Summary

Acute AIDP that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness

Epidemiology:
 • 1-2 cases/100,000 per
Summary Acute AIDP ... Epidemiology: • 1-2 cases ... Campylobacter jejuni - HIV ... Guillain-Barre Clinical ... axonal form • MRI
One and a Half Syndrome on Physical Exam

This 28 year old patient presented to clinic with
fasciculus), which causes ... (no horizontal movement ... The most common causes ... MRI was ordered ... and started on IV
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
neurological lesion: Clinical ... Tract Lesions: • Bilateral ... Non-compressive Spinal Cord Causes ... , HIV, CMV, HTLV ... MCTD, Sjogren syndrome