16 results
Leg Pain - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Bone/Joint Causes of Leg Pain:
 • Fracture
 • Arthritis
 • Gout/pseudogout
artery aneurysms Nerve ... Causes of Leg Pain ... Spinal stenosis/nerve ... Infections causing nerve ... Paralysis 4) Paresthesia
Upper Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Motor Function
Shoulder:
 • Abduction - C5,C6 (axillary)
 • Adduction - C6, C7,
hand" ± Horner Syndrome ... Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ... axillary nerve ... regimental badge" anesthesia ... Myotomes #diagnosis #neurology
Lower Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Reflexes: 
 • Knee - L2, L3, L4
 • Ankle - S1
• Cauda Equina Syndrome ... - Low back pain ... saddle (perineal) anesthesia ... Commonly caused ... damage to peroneal nerve
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
compression of nerve ... • S - Saddle anesthesia ... - Emergency Causes ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #neurology
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Cauda Equina Syndrome ... Causes: • Large ... Incontinence • Saddle Anesthesia ... damage to sacral nerves ... #CaudaEquina #Syndrome
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes

Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
result in permanent neurologic ... Causes of spinal ... Impotence - Saddle anesthesia ... loss - Saddle anesthesia ... differential #diagnosis #neurology
Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) - Clinical Manifestations
 • Optic neuritis: Reduced visual acuity, ranging from mild to
Scotoma, Ocular pain ... /pain upon eye movement ... involvement: Intractable nausea ... deficits ranging from paresthesia ... Manifestations #diagnosis #neurology
Causes of Hemiplegia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cerebral Hemisphere (Contralateral motor cortex)
 • Aphasia
 • Apraxia
 •
Causes of Hemiplegia ... Consciousness • Cranial Nerve ... Brown-Sequard Syndrome ... sensory loss to pain ... #Hemiplegia #Neurology
Guillain-Barre Syndrome - Summary

Acute AIDP that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness

Epidemiology:
 • 1-2 cases/100,000 per
Epidemiology: • 1-2 cases ... 30%) • Facial Nerve ... Hands or feet • Pain ... : Due to nerve root ... management #treatment #neurology
Neurological Manifestations of Tuberculosis
Spinal Arachnoiditis & Polyradiculopathy:
 • Subacute onset of limb weakness, bladder/bowel dysfunction, muscle
wasting, radicular pain ... spinal cord and nerve ... dysfunction, back pain ... Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome ... neurological symptoms • Caused