14 results
Leg Pain - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Bone/Joint Causes of Leg Pain:
 • Fracture
 • Arthritis
 • Gout/pseudogout
artery aneurysms Nerve ... Causes of Leg Pain ... Spinal stenosis/nerve ... Infections causing nerve ... Paralysis 4) Paresthesia
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Cauda Equina Syndrome ... Causes: • Large ... lumbar spine Signs ... Incontinence • Saddle Anesthesia ... damage to sacral nerves
Cardiac Tamponade - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
Caused by an accumulation of blood, pus, effusion fluid
in Anaesthesia ... examination and vital signs ... of underlying cause ... • Prep and drape ... Anesthesiology #Anesthesia
Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) - Clinical Manifestations
 • Optic neuritis: Reduced visual acuity, ranging from mild to
Scotoma, Ocular pain ... /pain upon eye movement ... involvement: Intractable nausea ... deficits ranging from paresthesia ... neurology #symptoms #signs
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
compression of nerve ... • S - Saddle anesthesia ... • P - Pain ... - Emergency Causes ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors(SNRIs): Mechanisms and Side Effects

Withdrawal: Dizziness, Diarrhea, Insomnia, Nausea, Vomiting
Serotonin Syndrome - Potentially Life
Vomiting Serotonin Syndrome ... Dysfunction, Weight gain ... Incr NE: Nausea ... Pathophysiology #Pharmacology ... Psychiatry #Diagnosis #Signs
Rare Causes of Abdominal Pain
 • Hereditary Angioneurotic Edema - Recurrent visceral that may by swelling
arcuate ligament syndrome ... Abdominal cutaneous nerve ... Positive Carnett's sign ... Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome ... #Rare #Causes
Lower Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Reflexes: 
 • Knee - L2, L3, L4
 • Ankle - S1
• Cauda Equina Syndrome ... - Low back pain ... saddle (perineal) anesthesia ... Commonly caused ... damage to peroneal nerve
Signs and Symptoms Associated With Different Headache Etiologies
 • Nonfocal mental status changes - Meningitis, encephalitis,
Signs and Symptoms ... vasoconstriction syndrome ... pupil with third nerve ... hemiplegic or anesthetic ... #headache #signs
Orthopedic Emergencies
Compartment Syndrome
 • An increase in compartment pressure to the point where tissue perfusion is
irreversible muscle and nerve ... • Syndrome caused ... - Intense pain ... days, the local pain ... progresses to anaesthesia