11 results
Lactulose: Mechanism of Action in Hepatic Encephalopathy
Lactulose → ↑ Lactic Acid, Acetic Acid → ↓ pH
Lactulose: Mechanism ... Lactulose → ↑ Lactic Acid ... , Acetic Acid → ... #Lactulose #pharmacology ... #hepatology #pathophysiology
Scapholunate Dissociation
The spacing between all carpal bones should be 1-2 mm, look for the "Terry Thomas"
Scapholunate Dissociation ... diagnosis scapholunate dissociation ... • Due to injury ... scapholunate interosseous ligament ... clenched fist • Mechanism
Mechanism of Action of Bile Acid Sequestrants
Bile Acid Sequestrants → ↓ Hepatic Bile Acid Pool →
Mechanism of Action ... ↓ Hepatic Bile Acid ... ↑ Hepatic Bile Acid ... sequestration #pathophysiology ... #pharmacology #
Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL) Injury: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Classification of PCL Iniuries
 • Partial: Translation <
Posterior Cruciate Ligament ... (PCL) Injury: Pathogenesis ... PCL: The PCL is injured ... PosteriorCruciateLigament #PCL #Injury ... #MSK #Sports #pathophysiology
Classification of Pelvic Ring Fractures: Mechanisms, Clinical Features and Complications
 • Anterior Posterior Compression (APC) -
Ring Fractures: Mechanisms ... possible vascular injury ... ilium fracture dislocation ... - Type 1 or 2 injury ... complications #pathophysiology
Femoral Head Fracture: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Posterior hip dislocation -> Impaction force from femoral
Posterior hip dislocation ... • Anterior hip dislocation ... Avulsion or shearing injury ... -> Ligaments tear ... msk #diagnosis #pathophysiology
Interphalangeal Joint Dislocation
Interphalangeal joint dislocations almost always occur dorsally, look for associated avulsion fractures! Here's a
Interphalangeal Joint Dislocation ... Interphalangeal joint dislocations ... capsule. collateral ligaments ... enable flexion • Mechanism ... Hyperextension injury
Posterior Knee Dislocation Injury
Specifically, POSTERIOR KNEE DISLOCATIONS can have significant associated injury that needs unique approach
Posterior Knee Dislocation ... POSTERIOR KNEE DISLOCATIONS ... suspicion needed with mechanism ... lachmans, posterior drawers ... , and special ligament
RADIAL HEAD FRACTURE 
Radial head fractures are the most common elbow fracture in adults and are
elbow x-ray review alignment ... • Mechanism: Fall ... injuries: Ligamentous injury ... radioulnar joint injury ... , elbow dislocation
Isolated Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Injury: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Feeling a "pop"
 • Acute
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ... (ACL) Injury: Pathogenesis ... test + Anterior Drawer ... AnteriorCruciateLigament #ACL #Injury ... #MSK #Sports #pathophysiology