13 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Extra-renal Losses ... Bartter syndrome, Gitelman ... #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
alkalosis • Normal or low ... Hypocalciuria (spot ... • Seizures • Rhabdomyolysis ... #Syndrome #diagnosis ... #nephrology #management
Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis
Renal Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Familial:
Bartter syndrome and Gitelman syndrome, Isolated recessive hypomagnesemia,
- Differential Diagnosis ... Bartter syndrome and Gitelman ... with secondary, hypocalcemia ... #causes #nephrology ... #magnesium #low
Hypocalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Low and High PTH
LOW PTH - Hypoparathyroid
 - Congenital (Pediatric)
Hypocalcemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Malabsorption • Short ... • Chronic Renal ... lysis syndrome, rhabdomyolysis
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
- Differential Diagnosis ... starts by measuring ... • Renal tubular ... Bartter's syndrome, Gitelman's ... algorithm #causes #nephrology
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Hypercalcemia - Hypokalemia ... syndromes - Gitelman ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Low #Magnesium ... #Table #Classification
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
suggests extra-renal ... Bartter syndrome, Gitelman ... #diagnosis #Algorithm ... differential #potassium #nephrology ... #low
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Differential Diagnosis ... fluid/Lactated ringers ... per day until stable ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... causes #treatment #nephrology
Characteristics of Commonly Used Phosphate Binders 
Aluminum 
 - Potent and effective 
 - Useful for
Used Phosphate Binders ... - Useful for short ... Inexpensive - Treats hypocalcemia ... increased risk of low ... #Table #Comparison
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis ... tourniquet / IVF line draw ... Elimination (see Table ... acidosis) • Low ... Treatment #potassium #nephrology