13 results
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Acute Spinal Cord ... injury, often from vascular ... Primarily Upper Extremity ... signs #symptoms #msk ... #orthopedics #neurology
Leg Pain - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Bone/Joint Causes of Leg Pain:
 • Fracture
 • Arthritis
 • Gout/pseudogout
Sciatica • Tarsal tunnel ... Herpes zoster - HIV ... Immobilization) • Acute ... /swelling - Fever ... #msk #physicalexam
Lower Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Reflexes: 
 • Knee - L2, L3, L4
 • Ankle - S1
• Cauda Equina Syndrome ... - Low back pain ... Neuropathy - Foot drop ... stopping walking (vascular ... Myotomes #diagnosis #neurology
Upper Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Motor Function
Shoulder:
 • Abduction - C5,C6 (axillary)
 • Adduction - C6, C7,
Upper Extremity ... Wrist drop - Occurs ... Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ... Myotomes #diagnosis #neurology ... sensory #motor #arm #physicalexam
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
spine • MCC- acute ... cord infarct • HIV ... lumbar stenosis • Vascular ... • Provocative Tests ... diagnosis #causes #neurology
Ober's Test for TFL/ITB Inflammation

With the patient in the lateral position, affected side up.  The
the knee will drop ... restricted or pain ... Iliotibial #Band #Syndrome ... clinical #video #physicalexam ... #sports #msk #orthopedics
Rheumatology Workup - Laboratories Studies in Rheumatic Diseases

• Septic arthritis - Gram stain and culture of
microscopy to examine a drop ... for Acute Polyarthritis ... • Hepatitis B serology ... : HIV test, a rubella ... , and low back pain
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
continence • Pain ... reported at level ... Vascular/Blockage ... MCTD, Sjogren syndrome ... disorders #diagnosis #neurology
Causes of Knee Effusions - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Knee Effusion Red Flags:
1. Fever/Chills/Joint pain/Night sweats/Weight loss
	- DDX:
		-
pain/Night sweats ... Seronegative Reactive Syndrome ... - Acute rheumatic ... differential #diagnosis #msk ... #physicalexam
Causes of Petechial Rash - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Pinpoint areas (less than 2 mm) of hemorrhage, which
Disruptions in vascular ... lesions • Severe pain ... Fecal occult blood test ... • Serology for ... #dermatology #physicalexam