9 results
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Torsemide) • Acute ... pulmonary edema ... Kidney stones caused ... hyperaldosteronism • Acute ... • Hypovolemic shock
Approach to Possible Hypertensive Emergency

criteria required to diagnose hypertensive emergency
(1) Severe hypertension
 - Usually a MAP
mm is needed to cause ... , such as: - Acute ... Myocardial ischemia (type-II ... - Pulmonary edema ... Emergency #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Hyperglycemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Diabetes Mellitus:
 • Impaired Glucose Tolerance
 • Type I Diabetes
 • Type
Tolerance • Type ... Corticosteroids • Thiazide diuretics ... Burns, Sepsis) • Shock ... • Acute Pancreatitis ... endocrinology #causes
Uncommon Causes of Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema (NCPE) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

High Altitude Pulmonary Edema:
 • Accumulation
walking uphill - Dyspnea ... severe with any type ... of acute respiratory ... pulmonary edema ... #edema #causes
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
of lactate as a clinical ... a multitude of clinical ... cardiac output - Acute ... pulmonary edema ... peritonitis - Acute
TRALI vs TACO - Transfusion Reactions
TRALI:
 • Epidemiology: 0.1% of transfused patientsl
 • Risk factors: Critical
without other cause ... At least 3 of (Acute ... , and CXR with pulmonary ... edema) • Fever ... : Supportive + diuresis
It is important to recognize Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF) as more than just simply a
with presence of pulmonary ... excreted using diuretics ... essentially Cardiogenic Shock ... the determined cause ... #differential #algorithm
Peripartum Cardiomyopathy - Summary
1. Definition
 • Towards the end of pregnancy to 5 months postpartum
exclude other causes ... cardiomyopathy • Pulmonary ... typical HF sx: dyspnea ... orthopnea, PND, LE edema ... Pts: cardiogenic shock
Peripartum Cardiomyopathy (PPCM)

What is PPCM?
• A form of acute systolic heart failure that develops late in
• A form of acute ... Risk Factors: • Hypertensive ... diagnosis: - Dyspnea ... ⚠️ Cardiogenic shock ... Key Point: High clinical