18 results
Estimating the Total Daily Dose (TDD) of Insulin: Weight-Based Dosing
TDD in units of insulin = N
Dose (TDD) of Insulin ... : Weight-Based Dosing ... #dosing #estimation ... Weight #Based #pharmacology ... #endocrinology
Growth Hormone Excess - Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Acromegaly and gigantism share the same pathophysiology
share the same pathophysiology ... and feet Excess Insulin ... Overproduction #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #endocrinology ... #pathophysiology
DPP4 Inhibitors - Normal and Renal Dosing

Increase Incretins (GLP-I & GIP) -> Stimulates Insulin, Inhibits Glucagon
Normal and Renal Dosing ... -> Stimulates Insulin ... will stimulate insulin ... #Pharmacology # ... Diabetes #DM2 #Endocrinology
Primary Hyperthyroidism - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Note: Although rare, gestational diseases can lead to thyrotoxicosis due
excess secretion of hCG ... Signs/Symptoms: ... Hyperthyroidism #endocrinology ... #pathophysiology
Insulin Calculations for Type 1 Diabetes 

Insulin-to-Carb Ratio (ICR) 500/TDD = #g of carbs covered by
Insulin Calculations ... Insulin Sensitivity ... calculations used in dosing ... Diabetes #DM1 #Pharmacology ... #Endocrinology
Metformin Pharmacology Summary
Mechanisms of Action:
 • Suppresses gluconeogenesis by the liver
 • Increases insulin-mediated glucose utilization
Metformin Pharmacology ... • Increases insulin-mediated ... side effects (e.g ... #Metformin #Pharmacology ... DM2 #diabetes #endocrinology
Feedback Loop: Growth Hormone (GH)
Growth Hormone:
 • Liver -> GHR activates JAK-STAT pathway -> Incr IGF1
activates lipolysis Signs ... tissue expansion (e.g ... #FeedbackLoop #endocrinology ... #pathophysiology
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
along with IV insulin ... +++ fluids. 2) Insulin ... Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... DiabeticKetoacidosis #DKA #pathophysiology ... #endocrinology
GLP-1 Receptor Agonists - Pharmacology Summary
Mechanisms of Action: Stimulate glucose-dependent insulin release from the pancreas (GLP-1
Receptor Agonists - Pharmacology ... glucose-dependent insulin ... side effects (e.g ... Receptor #Agonists #Pharmacology ... DM2 #diabetes #endocrinology
GLP-1 Agonists

Adlyxin (Lixisenatide) Daily
Bydureon (Exenatide ER) Weekly 
Ozempic (Semaglutide) Weekly 
Trulicity (Dulaglutide) Weekly 
Victoza (Liraglutide) Daily
medications for insulin ... GLP1 #Agonists #Pharmacology ... #Dosing #Diabetes ... #DM2 #Endocrinology